Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 02.djvu/234

BROWNING, ELIZABETH BARRETT, an English poet, born in Durham, March 6, 1809. In September, 1846, she married Robert Browning. Her chief poems are "The Seraphim" (1838); "Romaunt of the Page" (1839); "The Drama of Exile" (1844); "A Vision of Poets" (1844); "The Cry of the Children" (1844); "Casa Guidi Windows" (1851); "Aurora Leigh" (1856). Her "Sonnets from the Portuguese" are among the noblest of love poems. The "Romance of the Swan's Nest," the "Rhyme of the Duchess May," the "Romaunt of Margret," "Bertha in the Lane," and "Isabel's Child," are romantic and original ballads. "Prometheus Bound," a metrical translation of Æschylus, was published in 1850. She died in Florence, June 30, 1861.

BROWNING, ROBERT, an English poet, born in Camberwell, May 7, 1812. His first dramatic poem, "Pauline," which appeared anonymously in 1833, was followed two years later by "Paracelsus," "Strafford" (1837);

ROBERT BROWNING

"Sordello" (1840), and a series of plays and dramatic lyrics under the title of "Bells and Pomegranates" (1841-1846). In 1846 he married Elizabeth Barrett, and resided in Florence until her death in 1861, when he returned to London. "The Ring and the Book" was published in 1869. His other works include "Christmas Eve and Easter Day" (1850); "Men and Women" (1855); "Dramatis Personae" (1864); "Balaustion's Adventure" (1871); "Fifine at the Fair" (1872); "Red-Cotton Nightcap Country" (1873); "Dramatic Idylls" (1879-1880); "Jocoseria" (1883); "Ferishtah's Fancies" (1884); and "Parleyings with Certain People of Importance in their Day" (1887). He died in Venice, Dec. 12, 1889.

BROWN-SEQUARD (-sa-kar), EDOUARD, a Franco- American physiologist and physician, was born in Mauritius in 1818, his father being a sea-captain from Philadelphia, who married on the island a lady named Séquard. The son studied in Paris, and graduated M. D. in 1846. He devoted himself mainly to physiological research, and receievd numerous prizes, French and British, for the results of valuable experiments on blood, muscular irritability, animal heat, the spinal cord, and the nervous system. In 1864 he became Professor of Physiology at Harvard, but in 1869 returned to Spain as Professor of Pathology in the School of Medicine. In 1878 he succeeded Claude Bernard as Professor of Experimental Medicine at the College de France. His publications include lectures on "Physiology and Pathology of the Nervous System" (Philadelphia, 1860); on "Paralysis of the Lower Extremities" (1860); and on "Nervous Affections" (1873). He died in Paris, April 1, 1894.

BROWNSVILLE, city, port of entry, and county-seat of Cameron co., Tex.; on the Rio Grande and the Rio Grande and St. Louis, Brownsville and Mexican railroads, opposite Matamoras, Mexico. It contains the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, the Convent and Academy of the Incarnate Word, a United States Government building, and National banks; and has a large trade with Mexico. In the suburbs is Fort Brown, a garrisoned United States post. In May, 1846, Brownsville was occupied and fortified by a small body of United States troops, who maintained their position in the face of a heavy bambardment that lasted for 160 hours; and in November, 1863, it was taken from the Confederates by a Federal army under General Banks. Pop. (1910) 10,517; (1920) 11,791.

BROWN-TAILED MOTH, Euproctis chrysorrhœ, a European moth of the Liparididæ family, having white wings and a brown rump, the larvæ feeding on forest and orchard trees. It apeared