258 GRIMMA cing but a small part of the alphabet. The completion of the work, his brother having died before him, was intrusted to Moritz Heyne, Rudolf Hildebrand, and Karl Weigand; and it is said that the brothers Grimm left sufficient materials to carry out the original plan in all its essential features. The first part of vol. iv., reaching to the word Garten, was published in Leipsic at the beginning of 1874. The work was completed nearly to the letter L, and it is expected that the whole will be ready about 1890. Since his death three volumes of his minor writings (Kleinere Schriften including an autobiography, have been published. II. Wilhelm Karl, a German philologist, brother of the preceding, born in Hanau, Feb. 24, 1786, died in Berlin, Dec. 16, 1859. He was educa- ted at Cassel and Marburg, was appointed in 1814 secretary of the library of Cassel, and in 1830 assistant librarian at Gottingen, where he became professor in 1835. He was deprived of this office in 1837, and accompanied his brother to Cassel and Berlin. He devoted himself especially to German medieval poetry, and, besides the works which were the joint productions of the two brothers, wrote trea- tises Ueber die deutschen Eunen (Gottingen, 1821) and Ueber die deutschen Fingemamen (Berlin, 1848) ; translated the Altddnische Hel- denlieder, Balladen und MarcJien (Heidelberg, 1811) ; and edited the Grave Euodolf (Gottin- gen, 1828), Die deutsche Heldensage (1829), Der Freiaank (1834), Der grosse fiosengarten(1834:), Das Rolandslied (1838), Wemners vom Nied- herrhein Veronica (1839), Konrads von Wurz- lurg Goldene Schmiede (Berlin, 1840), Athis und Prophilias (1846), Exhortatio ad Plebem Christianam (1848), and Altdeutsche GesprdcTie (1851), for all of which he furnished introduc- tions and disquisitions of great value. III. Lnd- nig Emil, a German painter and engraver, bro- ther of the preceding, born in Hanau in 1790, died in Cassel, April 4, 1863. He studied under Karl Hess at Munich, served in the campaign of 1813, and in 1817 went to Italy. In 1832 he became professor in the academy of painting at Cassel. He made more than 130 engravings, most of them his own compositions. Of his paintings, a " Madonna " and numerous por- traits are most admired. IV. Hermann Friedrieh, son of Wilhelm Karl, born in Cassel, Jan. 6, 1828. He studied at Berlin and Bonn, and has since 1849 resided in the former city. Among his works are the drama Arminius (1851), the tragedy Demetrius (1854), the poem Traum und Erwachen (1854), Novellen (1856 ; 2d ed., 1862), Essays (1859), Leben Michel Angela^ (2 vols., 1860-'63 ; 3d ed., 1868 ; English transla- tion by F. E. Bunnett, 2 vols., 1865), Neue Es- says (1865), mainly devoted to the writings of Emerson, and the novel Unuberwindliche Mdch- te (3 vols., 1867). He has also edited Ueber Kunstler nnd Knnstwerlce (3 vols., 1865-'7). (.KIMMA, a town of Saxony, on the Mulde, 14m. S. E. of Leipsic; pop. in 1871, 6,536. It is pleasantly situated, and contains several church- GRINDELWALD es, an ancient town hall, and a royal palace which is used for public offices. Celebrated among its schools is the Furstenschule (Illustre Moldanuni), with more than 120 pupils and a library of 6,000 volumes. Grimma was the most important commercial and manufacturing emporium of Saxony until the 14th century, but has considerably declined. The local in- dustry has lately somewhat revived, and it also contains two large publishing houses. The Gfolzermiihle, outside the town, includes an ex- tensive manufactory of paper and machinery, and an iron foundery. Albert the Brave, pro- genitor of the Saxon dynasty, was born in the castle of Grimma in 1443. GRINDAL, Edmund, an English prelate, born at Kensingham, Cumberland, in 1519, died at Croy- don, July 6, 1583. In 1459 he became presi- dent of Pembroke hall, Cambridge, and, having greatly distinguished himself as a preacher, became Bishop Ridley's private chaplain in 1550. The next year he was appointed chap- lain to the king ; but on the accession of Mary he fled to Strasburg, where he remained till her death, when returning, he was employed to draw up the new liturgy, and, with seven other Protestants, to oppose the Roman Catholic prelates in public debate. In 1559 he was made master of Pembroke hall, and the same year was nominated to succeed Bonner as bish- op of London. In 1570 he was translated to the see of York, and five years after succeeded Parker as archbishop of Canterbury. Eliza- beth, disliking the frequent meetings of the clergy for mutual improvement, directed Grin- dal to break up these " prophesyings." Ven- turing decidedly to question the propriety of doing this, he was confined to his house by order of the star chamber, and his see was sequestered from him. He was afterward partially restored to his power and place, but in 1582 he became blind, and resigned his see, receiving a pension from the queen. He wrote little, but a tract of his on the real presence is printed in Fox's "Acts and Monuments." GRINDELWALD, a village of Switzerland, in the canton and 36 m. S. E. of the city of Bern, and 10 m. E. S. E. of Interlaken, about 3,500 ft. above the sea, on the Bergelbach ; pop. about 3,000. It is the centre of the rqad to the Bernese Oberland, and is celebrated for the scenery of the Grindelwald valley, the beauty of the passes of the Scheideck, and the surrounding mountains and glaciers. The vil- lage consists of picturesque wooden cottages widely scattered over the valley. The inhab- itants are mainly employed in rearing cattle, in dairy work, and in preparing Kirschwasser. The most celebrated Swiss guides are natives of this vicinity. Owing to the proximity of the glaciers, the climate is cold and unsettled even in summer. The Grindelwald valley is trav- ersed by the Black Lutschine, and is about 16 in. long and 2 m. wide. South of the val- ley rise the Wellborn, Wetterhorn, Mettenberg, Schreckhorn, Eiger, and Monch; and north
