1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Tupis

TUPIS (Comrades), a tribe and stock of South American Indians of Brazil. They call all other peoples Tapuyas (foreigners) . Their original home is believed to have been on the Amazon, and from its mouth they spread far southwards along the Brazilian coast. When hard pressed by the Portuguese they retreated to the Andes. Martius gives the Tupi nation a wide range, from the Atlantic to the Andes, and from Paraguay to the Amazon. Of this stock are the Omaguas, Cocomas and other Peruvian tribes. Latham makes the Tupis members of the Guarani stock. The " Lingoa Geral " or trade language between Portuguese and Amazon Indians is a corruption of the Tupi tongue.