A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature/אשלג - אשפלה
אשלג m. (שלג) a kind of alkali, or mineral used as a soap. Nidd. IX, 6; Sabb. IX, 5; Snh. 49b וא׳ קמוניא Ms. M. a. oth. (ed. אשלך).
אשלגא, שלגא ch. same. Nidd. 62a (explaining the ashleg of the Mishnah) וכ׳ שמיה א׳ (Ar. שלגא) its name is ashl'ga, and it is found in the holes in which pearls sit, and is scraped out with an iron nail; Sabb. 90a שלגא Ar. IMs. M. שולגא, ed. שונאנא). V. רוח אצרות.
אשלימו=אשלמו.
אשלך, v. אשלג.
אשלמו, אשלמותא (אשלמנותא, pl. אשלמוותא) f. (שלס=h. מלאים) (fnishing) 1) fitting, setting. Targ. Ex. XXV, 7; XXVIII, 17; a. e. -2) initiation. Targ. Y. Lev. VIII, 28. Ib. 33; 34; a. e. Cmp. חינוך.
אשם (b. h.; שמם) 1) to be waste (cmp. Ezek. VI, 6; Hos. XIV, 1). Snh. 97a יאשם (in parall. passages ישום); v. גבלן. -- 2) to neglect, be guilty. - Denom.:
אשם m. (b. h.) guilt; guilt-offering, asham, a special kind of offering. -- תלויי א׳ (Lev. V, 18) an asham to be offered when you are in doubt as to the commission of a sinful act. Kerith. III, 1; a. fr.; (ib. 17b differ. opin. as to the nature of the doubt). Ib. VI, 3 חסידים אשם the asham offered by the over-scrupulous because they may have transgressed. -- ודאיי א׳ the asham for the undoubted commission of certain offenses, which are; a) גזילות א׳ for illegal appropriation of private property (after pecuniary reparation; Lev. V, 25); b) מעילות א׳ for misappropriation of sacred property (Lev. V, 16); c) חרופה שפחה א׳ for carnal connection with a slave betrothed to another man (Lev. XIX, 21); -- d) נזיר א׳ the offering of a nazarite when interrupting the days ofvowed nazaritism by levitical im- purity (Num. VI, 12). - Deut. R. s. 1, beg. (alluding to ואשמם Deut. I, 13) כתיב ואשמם it is so written that you may read v'ashmmam (and their guilt); if you listen not to them וכ׳ תלוי אשמה (read אשמם) their guilt shall fall upon yourheads (you will be answerable forwhat offenses they may commit); differ. in Sifre Deut. 13. [Our Bible editions, however, readואשימם, plene.)-- Pl. אשמות.Kerith. VI, 4. Sifre l. c.; a. fr.
אשמא f. (=h. אשמה) guilt. Targ. Y. Lev. XXII, 16 אשמתהון.
אשמא, אשמא (אשמא) m. (=h. אשם) guilt, guilt- offering. Targ. O. Lev. V, 15; a. fr-- Pl. אשמין. Targ. II Chron. XXVIII, 10.
אשמאי, אשמיי m. (v. אשם 1) waste (in mind); ignorant, neglectcd; cmp. בור. Kidd. 32b זקןא׳ an uncultur- ed, rough old man. Sifra to Par. III, ch. VII אשמיי (as noun). Cmp. אשמה.
אשמדאי, אשמדיי pr. n. m. (Pers. Aeshma, Aesh- madac, Kohut Juud. Angel. p. 72; Rapap. Er. Milll. s. v.) Ashm'day, chief of demons. Targ. Koh. I, 12. -- Pes. 110a. Gitt. 68a. Num. R. s. 11; a. e.
אשמה f. (b. h.; אשם) negligence, guilt. Shek. VI, 6. -- Gen. R. s. 49 וכ א׳ זקני elders in coarseness (cmp. אשמאי) which is (in Chaldaic) elders of shame. -- Pl. אשמות, v. אשם.
אשמורה, אשמורת f. (b. h. אשמרה, אשמרת; שמר) night-watch, watch, a certain portion (three or four hours) of the day, called a watch (v. Sm. Ant. s. v. (astra). Ber. I, 1 וכ׳ הא׳ סוף the end of the first watch of the night; a. fr. -- Pl. אשמורות. Y. Ber. I, 2d top וכ׳ א׳ (ארבע(ה the day is divided into four watches, and so is the night; cmp. Bab. ib. 3a.
אשמיא pr. n. pl. Ashmaya, in the district of Tyre. Y. Dem. II, 22d top (corrupt.; for מיא ראש read; דא׳); Tosef. Shebi. IV, 9 דשמיא ed. Zuck. (Var. דא׳).
אשמיי, v. אשמאי.
אשן (אש, v. אשש; cmp. איתן, אית, יש, איש) to be substantial, dense, strong, hard. -- Part. (as adj.) אשין, אשינא Ar. (ed., Ms. M. אשון. אשונא). Hull. 136b, opp. רכיך. Ib. 76a. Sabb. 155a וכ׳ דאשיני חרובין Ar. (Ms. M. אשונא, ed. אקושי) carob fruits which are hard . . .. aftermath which is hard (dry). Cmp. יש.
אשנא pr. n. pl. Ashna, supposed to be near Tyre. Esth. R. to I, 4 (Var. אשנה).
אשף m. (b. h.; שף, v. Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. I, 283b) enchanter, (astrologer). -- Pl אשפים. Tanh. Mikketz 2 (ref. to Dan. II, 2) במזל שדוחק׳ אלו לא׳ the Ashshafim, these are those who press (ay stress) upon the planefary con- stellation, דחק לשון א׳ שכן for the root ashaf means to press (ref. to שאף, Anmos VIII, 4).
אשף ch. same. Dan. II, 10. - Pl. אשפין, אשפיא. Ib. II, 27; V, 11; IV, 4.
*אשפא m. (שפא, שפף) dressed skin. Keth. 77b דא׳ גירדא the shavings of a hide when it is smoothed. [Ar. s. v. גרד I ed. אשכפא, ed. Koh. אשפא.]
אשפה, אישפה f. (b. h. אשפת; שפה, שפת, to heap up, cmp. 1s. XIII, 2, Ps. XXII, 16) pile, dunghill. Y. Keth. I, 25d bot. אי׳. Hull. 12a; a. fr. - הא׳ שער (b. h. האשפת ש׳, השפת ש׳) Hill Gate, name of a Jerusalem gate. Sabb. 15a; a. fr. -- Pl. אשפות. Ex. R. s. 10 א׳ ארבע tour heaps (of dead frogsgהb. h. חמרים); a. fr. -- Euphem. לא׳ מערה using means to prevent conception (applied to both man a. woman). Keth. VII, 5. (Ib. 72a, acc. to Boraitha, literally, 'to draw water and pour it out on the dunghill'-as a foolish act). Gen. R. s. 3b, ref. to Gen. XXXVIII, 7. - [Homiletic interpretation of אשפתו בני, Lam. III, 13, 'the sons of those laid low' (conquered); Lam. R. a. l., Esth. R. to I, 1b, v. אופיכא, אוכייפא.]
אשפורי Ab. Zar. 20b, אשפרא. 7