A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature/נתר - ס
Hif. התיר 1) to loosen, untie, unscreuw. Tosef. Sabb. XVI (XVII), 5 שהחירו which one unscrewed; Sabb. XX, 5 מתירין, v. מכבש. Ib. 22a לבגד מבגד (ציצית) מתירין you may untie show-fringes from one garment(and put them) on another garment. Gen. R. s. 5 וכ׳ ומוציא מתירן he unties them (opens the bags) and lets the air in them escape; a. fr. -- [Tosef. Shebi. I, , v. ותר.]-- 2) to permit, declare permitted, opp. אססר. Sabb. 4 וכ׳ לו התירו would they (the scholars) permit him to take itt out &c.? Ib. II, 4 מתיר והודה ורר but R. Judah declares it permitted. Ib. 2 מירין וחכמים; a. v. fr. --V. מתיר. -3) to free, surrender; to outlaw, proscribe. Snh. 40b למותה עצמו ה׳ did he suir-. render himself to death?, i. e. did he declare that he would commit the act in spite of the warming which defined it to be a deadly crime? Ib. 41a (ref. to Deut. XVII, 6) וכ׳ שיתיר עד unil he declares himself ready to undergo capital punishment for his act. Hull. 41a. Y. Peah I, 16a וכ׳ דמן להתיר עילא they wanted a pretext to outlaw the rebels; a. fr. Hoff. הותר 1) to be loosened, untied, Lev. R. s. 28, beg.,. a. fr. הרצועה הותרה, v. רצועה. Sabb. XX, 5 מותר היה אם וכ׳ if it (the clothes press) was (partly) unscrewed on the eve of the Sabbath, he may unscrew it entirely. B. Kam. 9b מותר שור an ox that is not tied, opp. קשור. Erub. II, 1 מותרות לא אבל קשורות closely tied together, but not tied in a loose way; a. e. - 2) to be permitted. Y. Sabb. II, 5b bot. הנדר ה׳, v. נדר; Snh. 68a. Hull. 17a וכ׳ להן ה׳ בתחילה originally they were permitted to eat the fesh of an animal kkilled by stabbing (v. נחירה). Ib. 9a הותרה נשחטה when the animal has been slaughtered according to the ritual, it is (absolutely) permitted. Ernb. 93b כיון שבת הותרה שהותרה as regards Sabbath laws what has been permitted at the entrance of the Sabbath remains per- mitted the entire day; ib. 70b וכ׳ למקצת שה׳ כל whatever is permitted for one part of the Sabbath &c.; a. v. fr. -- Part. מותר; f מותרת; pl. מותרים, מותרין; מותרות (it is, they are) permitted (of things and persons). Ter. X, 7. Yeb. I, 2 מ׳ צרתה her rival is permitted (to him as wife). Ib. III, 2 ומ׳ באחותה and he is permitted to marry her siister. Ib. II, 10 להן לינשא מותרות may be married to them; a. v. fr. -Pes. 48a, a. e. (ref. to ישראל ממשקה, Ez. XLV, 15) המותר מן לישראל of what an Israelite is permitted to drink. Sabb. 108a (ref. to בפיך, Ex. XIII, 9) בפיך המותר מדבר the Torah must be written on the skin of an animal which is per- mitted in thy mouth (a clean animal).
נתר II, Pi. נתר (b. h.; cmp. נתק) [to move.] to leap. B. Kam. 38a (ref. to Hab. III, 6) לישנא ויתר דהאי משמע מאי הוא דאגלויי what evidence is there that this vayyatter has the meaning of sending into exile (causing to emi- grate)? Answ. ref. to לנתר (Lev. XI, 21). .Lev. R. s. 20 (ref. to Job XXXVII, 1) וכ׳ יקפץ ויתר מהו what does v'yittar mean? It will leap, as we read (Lev. l. c.) &c. Hif. התיר to exile. B. Kam. l. c., v. supra. Lev. R. s. 6, beg. הבנבים את ומתיר and condemned the thieves to ex- portation (v., however, גייד).
נתר ch. =h. שר, to fal of drop; to fall apart, decay; to become wearied, faint. Targ. Is. XL, 7. Ib. LXIV, 5; a. fr. -- B. Mets. 21b דנתרא that it (the fig) dropped (and was not taken off the tree). Ib. וכ׳ זיתי דנתרין גaאע even when the olives have dropped &c. Sabb. 33b נתרן וקא עיניה דמעת and the tears fell from his eyes; a. fr. Af. אתיר to drop, shed, let fall. Targ. Ruth II, 16. Targ. Y. II x. IX, 32 ואתרת (not ואפ׳). -- Y. Kil. VII, beg. 30a וב׳ טרפיהן דמתרן where trees shed their leaves even in midsummer. Naz. 42a מתרא דלא אדמה an earth which does not cause falling out of the hair; a. e. -- Y. Yeb. XVI, 15d אתרין, v. infra. Pa. נתר. 1) (neut. verb) to crumble, fall in. B. Kam. 9b לנקורי דרכה בור a pit is liable to fall in (and mere cover- ing it up is not a sufficient precaution). -- 2) to drop, shed. Targ. Is. I, 30; a. e. - Y. Yeb. XVI, 15d (if one says of a. person) פלוני נתרי, I have dropped that man', you must not allow his wife to marry again (it does not necessarily mean that he saw him dead), for I may say, he means [read;] מאכל לפלוני אתרי Idropped that man something to eat.
נתר f. (b. h.; preced.; v. esp. Naz. 42a quot. in preced.) 1) (nitron,) natron, native carbonate of soda (v. Sm. Bibl. Dict. s. v. Nitre, a. Sm. Ant. s. v. Nitron). Sabb. IX, 5; Nidd. IX, 6. Ib. 62a; Sabb. 90a, v. אלכסנדרי a. אנטיפטרית; a. e. -- 2)׳ כלי a vessel made of alum crystals. Kel. II, 1. Ab. Zar. 33b (expl. וכ׳ מחפורת כלי, v. מהפורת); a. fr. [v., however, Maim. to Kel. l. c.]
נתרא, ני I ch. same. Targ. Jer. II, 22. Targ. Prov. XXV, 20 (Ms. יתרא as in Pesh.).
נתרא, ני׳ II ch. =h. שר I, drapping. Targ. O. a. Y. I Lev. XIX, 10 (h. text פרם).
נתש (b. h.; cmp. נתץ) to break loose, tear off. Nif. ניתש, ניתוש to be torn loose, be released. Lev. R. s, 29; Gen. R. s. 56, v. נטש II a. נתר I. Hif.התיש to uproot. Gen. R. s. 23, beg..(play on מתושאל, Gen. IV, 18) וכ׳ אני מתישן I shall tear them out of this world. -- [התיש or התיש to weaken, v. תשש.]
*נתש h. same. Targ. Ps. CXVIII, 10, sq. אתשינון (ed. Lag. אתוששינון; Regia a. Levita אתוששי׳), v. תשש.