A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature/עשיר - עשר
וכ׳ a poorr man that is proud, a rich man that fatters &c.; a. v. fr. -- P. עששירים, עשירין. Erub. 86a מכבד רבי ע׳ Rabbi paid honor to the rich (for the sake of their charitable mission, ref. to Ps. LXI, 8, v. ישב). Yoma 35b הע׳ את מחייב . רבי the example of R. El. b. Harsum condemns the rich (who neglect the law on account of their business occupations). Men. 86a, a. e. ע׳ וסימניך מקמצין and thy mnemonical sign (v. סימן) be; the rich are economical (Rabbi favored the economical practice); a. fr. -- Perm. עשירה. Y. Shek. III, end, 47c; Tosef. ib. II, 4; a. e. -- Pl. עשירות. Tanb. Toldcth 9 וכ׳ נאות הן ע׳ they are rich, they are handsome &c.
עשיר, Targ. Prov. XIV, 2 Var., v. עשיק I.
עשיראה, עס׳m. =h. עשירי, the tenth. Targ. O. Gen. viii, 5 (Y. ed. Vien.אעשירי). Targ. O. a. Y. II Lev. XXVII, 32 (Y.1עשיריה); a. fr. - Ber. 5b, a. e., v. ביי. - Pem. עשיריתא, ע׳. Targ. Ez. XXIX, 1 (not עשיריתא); a. e.
עשירות f. (עשיר) wealth. Keth. 106b, a. e. ע׳ במקום, v. עניות. Y. Peah IV, 18a sq. (ref. to IChr. XXII, 13 בעניי) וכ׳ מי לפני ע׳ שאין none can claim to be rich before Him who spoke and the worrld arose. Gitt. 30b לע׳ . . . שנא מאי וכ׳ דלא why isit that they made provision for the debtor's death, and none for the event of his becoming rich? מיתה וכ ע׳ שכיחא death is an ordinary occurrence, becoming rich is not; a. fr.
עשירי m. (b. h.; עשר) the tenth. Ber. 8b וע׳ תשיעי the ninth and the tenth (of Tishrii). Bekh. IX, 7 ע׳ והיוצא and the lamb which comes out the tenth. Ib. 8; a. fr. -- Pesm. עשירית. Yalk. Ex. 261 האיפה ע׳ הוא וכמה and how much is the tenth of an Efah?; a. e.
.עשיראהv. ,עשיריה
עשירית, עשיריתא, v. עשירי, עשיראה.
2שן m. (b. h.; v. עשן) [thick, cmp. עב, אבק &c.,] smoke, soot. Ker. 6a ע׳ מעלה smoke-raiser (name of a plant). Yoma 21b המערכה עשן the smoke rising from the pyre in the Temple; B. Bath. 147a; a. fr. -- Pl. עשנים. Sabb. 23a וכ׳ יפין הע׳ כל all soots are good for making ink, but that produced by burning olive oil is the best.
עשן (b. h.; denom. of preced.) to smoke. Pi. עישן to generate smoke; to fumigate; to burn ine cense. Sabb. 23a (ref. to the use of oil for ink) או לגבל לעשן do you mean for kneading it with soot, or for making soot by burning it? Pesik. R. s. 12 מעשנות והיו עכוים לפני they burnt incense before idols;Tanh. Tol'doth 8 וכ׳ ומקטרות מעשנות raised smoke and burnt perfumes &c. Yeb. 115a וכ׳ בית עלינו עישינו (Ar. עישנו) they (robbers) flled our house with smoke, filled a cave in which we dwelt with smoke &c. Y. Ber. VI, 12b bot. וכ׳ לפני במעשין (not במעשיו) when he burns spices in front of his shop; a. e. -- Esp. to fumigate plants. Shebi. II, 2 וכ׳ עד מעשנין you may fumigate until New Year (of the Sabbatical year). Y. Sabb. VII, 10a top המעשן he who fumigates plants (on the Sabbath); a. fr. - Part. pass. מעושן; f מעושנת; pl.. מעושנים, מעונין; מעושנות. Men. VIII, 6 מע׳ . . מביאין אין you must not use for libations sweet wine or smoked wine (of fumigated grapes). Y. Bicc. I, 63a bot. ענבים וכ׳ ומע׳ מאובקות (not מאונ׳) powdered (v. אבק) or smoked grapes should not be offered as first-fruits. Hull. III, 5 המע׳ an animal that has inhaled smoke; a e. Hithpa. התעשן to be affected by smoke, taste of smoke. Zeb. 64a tיתעשנ שמא lest the wine for libations may catch smoke (when carried past the altar pyre).
עשן, 2שין(emp.אשן) to besubstantial,strong(corresp. to h. עז, v. עז). Targ. Ps. LII, 9 עשן Ms. (ed. עשין). Ib. LXXXIX, 14 (ed. Wil. תעשן Af.); a. e.. Af. אעשן to strengthen, make substantial. Targ. Prov. VIII, 28 (ed. Wil. אעשין, corr. acc.); a. e. hpa. אתעשן, thpe. אתעשן 1) to become strong. Targ. Y. Num. XXV, 8. -- 2) to exhibit ones strength. Targ. Ps. LXVIII, 29 (h.text עוזה). -3) to boastt of one's strength, be impudent. Ib. IX, 20.
עשנא, עוש׳, עוש׳ m. (preced.) =h. עז, strength. Targ. Ps. XXI, 2 בעשנךt(Ms. בכושש). Ib. VIII, 3. Ib. XXIX, 1 Ms. (ed. עישונא; ed. Wil. עשנא). Targ. Prov. X, 15; a. fr.
עשנתא, v. עשין.
עשף, v. עושף.
עשק (b. h.) [to press, twist,] to wrong, esp. to withhold what is due to a fellowman; to demny a debt. B. Mets. 111a (ref. to Lev. V, 21) כבר שעשקו כתיב עשק או we read, or if he hape withheld', which means that he had wronged him ere this (when he denied his indebtedness). Koh. R. to IV, 6 וכ׳ ועושה ועושק וחומם גוזל . . . טוב better is he who does a little good with what is his own, than he who robs and does violence and oppresses, and does much good with what belongs to others. Succ. 29b שכר עושקי שכיר those who withhold the hired man's wages, different. from וכ׳ כובשי (v. כבש) who defer paying &ca; a. e.
עשק ch. 1) same. Targ. O. Lev. V, 21 עשק ed. Berl. (oth. ed. אנס). Ib. 23. Targ. Am. IV, 1; a. fr. - Part. pass. עשיק. -- 2) to pervert, v. עשיק I. -- 3) (cmp. יקר) to be outrageouusly dear, v. עשיק II.
עשק, שקאS, v. עושק, עושקא.
עשר (cmp. עשן) to be strong, substantial, wealthy. Hif. העשיר 1) (denom. of עשיר) to become wealthy. B. Bath. 25b ושיעשיר and he who desires to become rich. Ber. 33a וכ׳ קבעוה העשירו when they became wealthy, they made it a custom to recite the Habdalah over a cup. Mel. 17a, v. ענה II, Hif. Ned. 38a וכ׳ משה ה׳ לא Moses became rich from the chips of the tablets; a. fr. --2) to make rich. Keth. 48a וכ׳ שיעשיר הימנו כל לאו he is not permitted to enrich his children and throw himself on the charities. Hull. 84b (expl. עשתרת, Deut. VII, 13) פמעשירות בעליהן את Ar. (ed. שמעשרות, Pi.) for they make their owners rich; Yalk. Deut. 848 שמעשרות. Cant. R. to VII, 11 (ref. to תעשרנה, Ps. LXV, 10) לאו ואם תעשירנה זכיתם אאם וכ׳ תעשרנה if you deserve well (t reads;) thou makest her richh', if not, thou reducest her to one-tenthh', that. she yield you only one-tenth; a. e.