A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature/פתוראה - פתח
פתוראה m. (denom. of פתורא I) = h. שולחני, money- changer. Hull. 54b.
פתורתא, v. פתורא I.
פתח (b. h.) 1) to open, begin. Y. Ber. VI, end, 10d על וכ׳ פותח שהיה . . . כל over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction &c. Sabb. 104a, a. e. לו פותחין (Var. פתחין), v. טמא I. Ib. 48a פותחין לא אבל . .. מתירין you may untie the necik-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y. Taan. I, 64b ttop (ref. to Is. XLV, 8) וכ׳ פותחת . . . כנקבה like the female that opens for the male. Ned. III, 4 בנדר לו יפתח לא he must not begin (offer his willingness) to malke a vow (in order tto escape robbery &c., v.נדר); a. v. fr. - Part. ppass. פתוח; פתוחה; pl. סתוחים, פתוחין; סתוחות. Y eb. 71b, a. e. הפ׳ נסתם, v. סתם. Snh. 94a, v. סתם (v. מנצפד). Meg. 3a, באמצע פ׳, v. סם. Erub. IV, 6 וכ׳ ופ׳ לזו זו הפ׳ חצירות שלש three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the public road; a. v. fr. -- פתוח פתח, v. פתד. -- Esp. פתוחה (פרשה) a paragraph in the lTorah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sof'rim I, 14 וכ׳ שלא כל פ׳ איזהו what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, פ׳ נקראת ותהא . . וכמה and how much space must one leave . . . for a paragraph to be called open; a. fr. -- Trnsf. [to open the door to,] to in- troduce (into learning). Y. M. Kat. III, 83b top רבו איזהו תחלה לו שפ׳ כל who is called one's (specinl) teacher He who was the first to initiate him; a. e. - Esp. to open an apportunity for retracting a vow,to suuggest reasomns which, ifknown at the time, would have prevented the personi fr0gi making the vow, v. חויטה. Ned. IX, 1 בכבוד לאדם פותחין וכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a refection on your father &c.). Ib. בכבוד לו יפתחו המקום why not suggest to him the reverence due to the hord (if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer &c.')? Ib. 4וכ׳ הכתוב מן לו מותחין we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfll- ing that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge &c.; a. fr. -- B. Kam. 27a בחבית וסיים בכד פ׳ the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with habith Ber. 10a וכ׳ באשרי בה פ׳, v. סום I h. Gen. R. s. 84 פתחת אתה וכ׳ בהצלת תחלה thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; וכ׳ בתשובה פתחת אתה thou wast the first to do repentance, . one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr. -- Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesikk. Ahare, p. 170a וכ׳ פ׳ לוי ר׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. LXXV, 5) &c. Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr. -- Pesik. R. s. 33 [an editorial gloss] הפרשיות אלו בכל פ׳ the author takke8 his texts from all those (quoted) passages. -- 2) to ex- plain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men. 65a (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה וכ׳ ודורשן דברים פותח (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages. --Part. pass. as ab. Sifre Ahare, beg., v. סתם. Nif. נפתח 1) to be opened. Yeb. 71b, a. e., v. סתם. R. Hash. 16b בריה נפתחין . שלשה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Year's Day. B. Bath. 125b, v. סום I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להיפתח to have one's bowels opened, v. פסיעה; a. fr. -- Ib. [editorial gloss] שם עוד וג׳ וכ׳ בפרשת and furthermore this section (Is. LXI, 1) was used as the opening text; a. fr. -- Esp. to have one's eyes opened, to becoome seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 ׳ . . . סומא כל שרה כשילדה when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. סיתח 1) to open. Ib. הפילקיות פי׳ he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 חלונות בה ומפתחין . .. ועושין they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb. 88b פיהן פיתחו שלא רימונים (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נפתחו; Ms. R. 1 נתפתחו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. - 2) to engrave. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43b bot פיתוחים בה פי׳ if he cut designs into it. -- 3) to dig, break ground. Pirke d't. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 וכ׳ וישדדו יפתחו . .. כשיצמד when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. התפתח, Nithpa. נתפתח 1) to be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 בדם נתפתחו they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. -- 2) to be cut into, graven. Tosef. Sot. XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24b מתפתחות היו . . . וכיון וכ׳ לפניו and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שמיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax- covered) tablets &c. -- [Y. Kil. VII, beg. 30d מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פתפת.]
פתח ch. same. Targ. Deut. XV, 11. Targ. Is. XIV, 17; a. fr. -- Part. pass. פתיח; f. פתיחא; pl. פתיחין, פתיחיא; פתיחן a) open. Targ. Num. XIX, 15. Targ. Josh. VIII, 17; a. fr. -- b) seeing, v. פתיה. - Taan. 24a ולא . . . למיפתח אתיא וכ׳ מיפתח she came to open the door . . ., but it could not be opened on account of the wheat pressing against it. Gitt. 69b וכ׳ חביתא ליפתחlet him open a keg of wine &c. B. Kam. 112b וכ׳ בדיניה ליה דפתהו כגון when they (the court) have opened his case(written a warrant, v. פתיחא II) and sent for him. Ned. 28a וכ׳ יפתח דלא הוא מיפתח he dare not offer to make oath (in order to escape robbery &c.), but make a vow, he may. Num. R. s. 9 פתיח דלא תרעא וכ׳, v. אסי; a. fr. -- Ned. 22a וכ׳ פתחינן לא אנן . . . דפ׳ גaאע although R. Y. offered such a suggestion for retracting a vow, we must not do so; וכ׳ בהדא פתחינן ולא nor do we offer that other suggestion &c..; a. e. Af. אפתח same. Lam. R. to I, 1רבתי, berg. ביתיה ליה א׳ וכ׳ he opened his house to him, and he entered. Pa. פתח same. Targ. Is. XLV, 1. Ib. XLII, 7. - Part. pass. מפתח open-eyed, able to see. Lev. R. s. 22 וחד סמי חד מפ׳ (Koh. R. to V, 8 פתיח) one was blind, and the other could see. Itthpa. אתפתח, thpe. אתפתת, איכ׳ 1) to be opened; to be released. Targ. O. Gen. III, 5; 7. Targ. Job XII, 14; a. fr. -- Gitt. 69a bct. וכ׳ לאישתוחי (Rashi לפתיחי, read לפתוחי Pa.) that the boil may open, et somebody blow &c. Ib.b, v. צפירתא; Pes. 42b; a. e. - Esp. to be restored to sight. Lev. R. l. c. וכ׳ א׳ סמי דהוה דין he who was blind re