A New Fossil Polypore
A NEW FOSSIL POLYPORE
Arthur Hollick
Pseudopolyporus carbonicus gen. et sp. nov.
Pileus about 4.4 cm. in diameter, approximately flat on top with uneven surface, slightly concave beneath with evenly and minutely roughened and pitted surface, margin rather abruptly inflexed. Stalk central or slightly eccentric, cylindical, about 2.8 cm. in length and 1.2 cm. in diameter, with conical base. (Figs. 1, 2.)
Carboniferous. Elk Ridge Colliery, West Virginia.
Type in the Museum of the New York Botanical Garden.
This specimen was brought to light during a recent examination of a collection of carboniferous plants from West Virginia, included in the materal deposited with the Garden by Columbia University in 1901. Neither the name of the collector nor the date of collection is recorded, the labels merely reading: "Fossil plants below Seam 3, Elk Ridge Colliery, Pocohontas Field, W. Va." This colliery is situated near Ennis, McDowell County, in the southern part of West Virginia.
Figs. 1, 2. Pseudopolyporus carbonicus.
The fossilizing medium is a highly ferruginous, fine-grained arenaceous shale, which has completely replaced the vegetable tissue. In fact, the question may be raised whether the specimen is actually of organic origin. The occasional striking similarity of purely inorganic concretions to living organisms, both animal and vegetable, is well known; but in this instance the resemblance to a hymenomycetous fungus appears to be too perfect to be regarded as an accidental simulation.
It is apparently referable to the Polyporaceae, as indicated by the character of the under surface of the pileus, and may be compared with Polyporus Polyporus (Retz.) Murrill, so far as its nearest living relationship is concerned; but its antiquity should preclude a reference to the living genus Polyporus, and it is clearly different from any of the fossil forms described under that genus or under the fossil genus Polyporites, all of which are from the Tertiary or more recent geological horizons, except Polyporites Bowmanni Lindley and Hutton,[1] from the Carboniferous of England, which is generally considered by paleontologists to be a fish scale and not a fungus. In fact, the only fossil forms with which our specimen may be even remotely compared are Hydnum argillae Ludwig,[2] and Agaricites Wardianus Meschinelli,[3] both of them from Tertiary horizons.
The generic name is designed to indicate its probable botanical affinities and the specific name its geologic age.
New York Botanical Garden.
- ↑ Foss. Fl. Great Britain I: 183, pl. 65, f. B1 and B2. 1831-33.
- ↑ "Fossile Pflanzen aus der Altesten Abtheilung der Rheinisch-Wetterauer Teritär-Formation." Palaeontog. 8: 57, pl. 8, f. 1, 1a-1c. 1859.
- ↑ "Di un Probabile Agaricino Miocenico." Atti Soc. Veneto-Trentina Sci. Nat. 122: 312, pl. 8. 1891.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in 1910, before the cutoff of January 1, 1929.
The longest-living author of this work died in 1933, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 90 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse