Dictionary of the Swatow dialect/to̤

by Adele Marion Fielde

to̤

• 多to̤909363
• Excessive; very; mostly; many, much, numerous.

to̤ sṳ̄;

officious; many affairs on hand.

to̤ ūe;

loquacious.

put kùe to̤ sío;

no great quantity.

chûn kàu to̤ kúaⁿ tīaⁿ-tīaⁿ;

have only a small amount left.

to̤ mông lṳ́ àiⁿ-sieh;

hope for your kind favor.

to̤ sīa;

many thanks.

cha put to̤;

no great difference; nearly the same.

i sĭang téng to̤ sim to̤ sṳ̄;

he is full of schemes.

sam to̤;

sons, wealth, and years.

i kâi sṳ̄ sĭang to̤ twn;

his business is of numerous sorts.

• 刀to̤865180
• A knife; a cleaver; a cimeter.

cêk ki to̤;

one knife.

to̤ kìam;

swords.

to̤ thap;

a sheath for a knife.

to̤ pèⁿ;

knife handle.

to̤ nêk;

the blade.

to̤ pù;

the blunt edge of the blade.

to̤ búe;

the point.

to̤ tun;

the knife is dull.

to̤ lāi;

the knife is sharp.

côih chài to̤;

a chopping-knife.

ie-to̤;

a dagger.

sang to̤;

a pair of knives.

tōa kwn to̤;

a claymore.

to̤ tiam;

a knife and chopping-block.

kău to̤;

a thick knife used is splitting fire-wood.

cám bé to̤;

a cleaver used in war to disable horses.

mŏng to̤ hue;

exercise with a broadsword.

tek hîeh to̤;

a two edged sword.

ka-to̤;

shears.

ka-to̤ kíaⁿ;

scissors.

lîam to̤;

a sickle or bill-hook.

• 都to̤9161639
• In general; altogether; probably.

i to̤ àiⁿ;

le; he wants it.

úa to̤ m̄ khṳ̀;

I am not going.

i to̤ lău lío;

he is already old.

i pâi tńg to̤ sĭ cìeⁿ-seⁿ;

that is the way it was before.

i to̤ bô̤ le;

he has none.

• 短tó̤9371117
• Short; brief; contracted; short-comings.

àiⁿ tn̂g kâi a tó̤ kâi?

Do you want a long one or a short one?

tó̤ mīaⁿ;

short-lived.

thiⁿ tn̂g, mīaⁿ tó̤;

time is long and life short.

tang thiⁿ-sî jît tó̤;

the days are short in winder.

bŏi khah tn̂g bŏi khah tó̤;

neither too long nor too short.

m̄ tn̂g m̄ tó̤, kah kah;

neither longer nor shorter, but just the right length.

cí khí li tn̂g, hṳ́ khí li tó̤;

the one is too short, the other too long.

tó̤-tó̤ kâi;

a very short one.

jú tó̤ jú hó̤;

the short the better.

cía kang-hu ío tó̤ lō;

this is a short job.

tó̤ căm;

by short stages.

khùi tó̤;

short winded.

i khṳ̀ tàⁿ i kâi tó̤ chù;

he went and told of his short-comings.

• 臥tó̤10571312
• To lie down.

i tŏ̤ mîn-chn̂g kò̤ tó̤ tó̤;

he is lying down on the bed.

tín-tó̤ khùn-kíaⁿ-ni;

lie down and rest a little while.

lô̤h khṳ̀ tó̤;

take a rest lying down.

liêk căi, tîeh lâi tó̤ siap-sî;

very weary, and must lie down a few moments.

• 在彼tó̤941

A contraction of tŏ̤ hṳ́ kò̤ or tŏ̤ cí kò̤. It gives the accompanying verb a participial form.

i tó̤ ciu;

she is making her toilet.

i tó̤ cáu;

he is running away.

i tó̤ ût;

he is lying down.

i tó̤ khàu;

he is crying.

• 倒tó̤86698
• To fall over; to prostrate; to throw one's self down.

lèng i tó̤ lô̤h khṳ̀;

pushed it over.

lâi tó̤ lô̤h khṳ̀ ût cē;

lie down and take a nap.

phah tó̤;

knock over.

kâi tó̤ tang, kâi tó̤ sai, īa m̄ gût hó̤;

laid first one way and then the other and could not sleep in any position.

jṳ́ kàu mih mûeh tó̤-lî-tien-táu;

knocked things about till they were all topsy-turvy.

i kâi chù tó̤ kàn lī-lī;

his house has tumbled down flat.

i pēⁿ kàu tó̤ chn̂g;

she is sick abed.

tó̤ tī bûe;

plums that have fallen to the ground.

tó̤ lô̤h cháu-po cū ût khṳ̀;

threw himself upon the turf and went to sleep.

tó̤ lô̤h cū ût;

as soon as I threw myself down I went to sleep.

tī-tîang káⁿ khṳ̀ tó̤ i kâi tâng-kî?

Who dare throw down the gauntlet?

i cêk seⁿ nâng khí tó̤ ūn;

he has had fluctuating luck all his life.

chīu khṳt huang phah tó̤ khṳ̀;

the tree has been blown down by the wind.

cang kha thak tó̤;

kicked it over.

lô̤h kú hŏ, chîeⁿ tó̤ lô̤h khṳ̀;

the wall fell after a long rain.

pûah-tó̤ tŏ̤ thô-tī;

fell prostrate upon the ground.

kîaⁿ lío lŏi-lŏi tó̤;

staggered as if about to fall.

tîeh lâi tú cìaⁿ bo̤ĭ tó̤;

must brace it up then it won't fall.

kâi lâu lōi-lōi, àiⁿ tó̤ àiⁿ tó̤;

the tower is toppling and about to fall.

khṳt i tiak tó̤ khṳ̀;

was hit and knocked down by him.

lîah-tó̤ cū phah;

seized, threw down, and beat.

hì-pêⁿ tó̤ lío tăⁿ sieⁿ nŏ̤ nâng;

the stage fell and injured two persous by crushing them.

• 屋地tò̤879
• The ground which forms the floor of a house.

sàu tò̤;

sweep the floor.

sie lûn sàu tò̤;

take turns in cleaning the floor.

• 得tò̤872608
• Can; may; able to do.

úa thiaⁿ m̄ pat tò̤ khṳ̀;

I do not understand it when I hear it.

úa tàⁿ m̄ pat tò̤ khṳ̀;

I do not know what to say.

i cò̤ m̄ pat tò̤ khṳ̀;

he does not know how to do it.

jīn m̄ pat tò̤ khṳ̀;

cannot identify it.

• 倒tò̤86698
• To turn over, or upside down; to pour out; to invert; to subvert; on the contrary.

tò̤ cho̤h tê lâi;

pour out some tea.

sieh nâng tò̤ chin-chĭeⁿ hēng nâng hìeⁿ-seⁿ;

loves people and appears as it he hated them.

màiⁿ tin-tò̤ pàng;

do not set it upside down.

i tŏ chù téng tin-tò̤-thâu sût-lô̤h lâi;

he fell head foremost from the roof.

sua-pà kîaⁿ lío tò̤-thām tò̤-thām nē;

kept slipping backward when walking on the sand bank.

cìeⁿ-seⁿ tò̤ m̄-hó̤;

it is all spoilt again.

tò̤ cín, tò̤ în;

to buy wine and oil.

tōa kâi tin-tò̤ m̄ pat, sòi kâi tin-tò̤ pat;

the eldest did not know it, while on the contrary the younger one did.

tò̤-póiⁿ kùe lâi;

invert it.

tò̤-thâh khṳ̀;

piled them in reverse order.

tin-tò̤ tàⁿ; tò̤ tàⁿ;

reversed the order of the words in speaking.

tò̤ kîaⁿ;

went backward.

cìeⁿ-seⁿ tin-tò̤ kîaⁿ hn̆g;

that is retrograding very much.

tò̤ khap lô̤h khṳ̀;

made the imprint bottom upward.

i tò̤-thò̤;

he drew back.

i tò̤-thò̤ jîp khṳ̀;

she withdrew into the house.

kè tò̤-thût;

he came down in the price.

tò̤ cíe;

came down to less.

tò̤ kíam;

diminish the amount demanded.

hó̤ kâi li kè tò̤ kíam, m̄-hó̤ kâi li kè tò̤ kûiⁿ;

fixed the lower price on the best ones, and the higher price on the poor ones.

tò̤ chah jîp khṳ̀;

stuck it in wrong end first.

kîu tò̤-tīe khui lâi;

the ball rebounded.

mn̂g sĭ tò̤-khui chut khṳ̀;

the door swung outward instead of inward.

i tó̤ tò̤-khô̤;

she declines to take it at the price she brought him to accept.

khṳt i tò̤ hîam;

was reproved by him in return.

tò̤-kiu;

to draw back.

tò̤ tńg;

to turn back.

tò̤-thò̤ kîaⁿ;

to walk backwards.

tò̤-wn khṳ̀;

went by a round-about way.

khîeh khṳ̀ tò̤ tīo;

take it and pour it off.

lîah lâi tò̤-tìo;

seize him, and hang him head downwards.

hùe-mûeh taⁿ tò̤ lâi pôih khṳ̀;

the goods are now being taken back to the place they were brought from.

tah lío tò̤-céng;

after putting it on the swelling still increased.

buah lío tò̤-thìaⁿ;

after anointing it, the pain began again.

i kâi tùi-lîn tin-tò̤ tìo;

his scrolls are hung wrong end upward.

tò̤-sáng khṳ̀;

grew thin again.

hŏ cheⁿ tò̤;

the rain is falling heavily again.

hŏ li cheⁿ-khûang tò̤;

the rain is again falling in torrents.

saⁿ táu kaⁿ-ná tò̤ bô̤ lîap jîp hĭⁿ;

of his three pecks of olives, I do not put one in my ear; I do not believe one word in a hundred of all that he speaks.

cē tò̤ cek cū cai;

reckon backwards and you will know; calculate what is gone by and you will see what is to come.

jī màiⁿ tò̤-sía;

do not write the letters in a reversed order.

i kâi cṳ sêk kàu ŏi tin-tò̤-thâu līam;

his lesson is so well learned that he can recite it backwards.

màiⁿ tò̤ cêk-koiⁿ cúi;

do not spill the water all over everything.

• 左tò̤1002482
• The left.

tò̤ kha;

the left foot.

tò̤ mâk;

the left eye.

tò̤ chíu pôiⁿ;

on the left hand.

si1a tò̤ chíu jī;

write left-handed.

lîm tò̤ chíu tṳ̄;

use the chopsticks in the left hand.

tò̤ chíu phiang;

left-handed.

tò̤ chíu sng, ūaⁿ kùe cìaⁿ chíu, cìaⁿ chíu sng, ūaⁿ kùe tò̤ chíu;

when one hand aches change it to the other.

• 躱tô̤9101586
• To conceal one's self; to hide away; to skulk; to escape; to shun.

tô̤-síam put kîp, khṳ̄t i sīa tîeh;

did not dodge quickly enough, and was hit by his arrow.

tô̤-pī m̄ lī, khṳt i thóiⁿ-kìⁿ;

could not dodge out of sight and was seen by him.

i ka-kī tô̤-bûa, cang pât nâng kio i tàⁿ ūe;

he himself kept out of sight, and had some one else conduct the negociation.

tô̤-pī tŏ̤ cêk pôiⁿ;

slipped away to one side.

tô̤-pī m̄ khṳ̀;

could not escape it.

tô̤ cè;

to evade one's creditors; take leg bail.

• 逃tô̤8701626
• To abscond; to elude search; to desert; to flee; to escape; to hide; skulking.

tô̤-cáu;

to run away.

i cêng kúai-tô̤ nâng kâi a-noⁿ-kíaⁿ;

she has abducred people's children.

i tô̤ kun lío, m̆ káⁿ tńg khṳ̀ chṳ̀;

after deserting from the army he dare not return home.

i àiⁿ tô̤-cáu, tô̤ bŏi tit chut;

he wished to flee, but could not get away.

tô̤ jîp chim suanⁿ nâ lăi;

fled into the recesses of the mountains.

tô̤ kùe gūa kok;

fled to another country.

tô̤-pī;

to escape, to evade.

ŭ kúi kâi khṳt i tô̤ thut khṳ̀;

several of them skulked off and escaped.

• 朶tô̤909752
• A cluster, a bunch.

cêk tô̤ phû-thô̤;

a bunch of grapes.

ńng ki, ńng tô̤;

felxible branches bearing succulent clusters.

hīⁿ tô̤;

the lobe of the ear.

i khui lâi cék tô̤ cek tô̤;

it grows in clusters.

• 鉈tô̤9121675

tô̤-cí;

the weights of steelyards or balances.

cí ki-chìn kâi tô̤-cí m̄ kìⁿ khṳ̀;

the weight of this steelyard is missing.

• 道tŏ̤8671629

tŏ̤-lí;

a doctrine which the mind approves; the path in which one ought to go.

thŵn tŏ̤-lí;

to preach; to promulgate the truth.

hâh tŏ̤-lí;

in accordance with correct principles.

i ŭ tŏ̤-lí;

he has correct reason on his side.

• 在tŏ̤941323
• To consist in; to exist; to dwell; to be; to be in.

tŏ̤ mē?

Is it there?

tŏ̤;

it is here.

tŏ̤ a m̄ tŏ̤?

Is he here or not?

bô̤ tŏ̤;

is absent.

tŏ̤ cí kò̤;

in this place.

pàng tŏ̤ cí kò̤;

put it here.

i tŏ̤ tī kò̤?

Where is he?

àiⁿ pàng tŏ̤ tī kò̤?

Where do you want it put?

tŏ̤ tī kò̤ nē?

Where?

bô̤ nâng bŏ̤;

there is nobody there.

tī-tîang tŏ̤?

Who si there?

thâu-ke tŏ̤ mē?

Is the master in?

thâu-ke-nîe bô̤ tŏ̤;

the mistress is not at home.

sim m̄ tŏ̤;

his thoughts are elsewhere.

sĭ tŏ̤ ŭ sì, m̄ sĭ tŏ̤ ŭ lâk;

it lies in practice, not in strength.

tŏ̤ suaⁿ téng;

on the hill-top.

cē tŏ̤ i mâk cū tŏ̤ i chùi;

he at once has everything he fancies.

tŏ̤ lâu téng;

up stairs.

sî-sî tŏ̤;

ever present.

kò̤-kò̤ tŏ̤;

omnipresent.

tŏ̤ lṳ́;

it is your affair; do as you please.

sĭ tŏ̤ sim lăi, m̄ sĭ tŏ̤ gūa mīn;

it is internal and not external.

thóiⁿ m̄ tŏ̤ ngán-kài;

does not give him any consideration.

lṳ́ tīu tŏ̤ tī kò̤?

Where do you reside?

cêk ciah kha tâh tŏ̤ cìeⁿ pôiⁿ, cêk ciah kha tâh tŏ̤ hìeⁿ pôiⁿ;

place one foot on this side and one on that side.

cêk sim īu kù tŏ̤ cí, cêk sim īu kù tŏ̤ hṳ́;

his mind was divided between this and that.

tŏ̤ hṳ́ kò̤, tŏ̤ cí kò̤,

are often contracted in speaking into tó̤, and have the effect of ing on the verb.

i tó̤ cŏ;

he is sitting.

i tó̤ cîah;

he is eating.

i tó̤ thâk cṳ;

he is reading.

lṳ́ tó̤ cò̤ mih sṳ̄?

What are you doing?

i pâk tŏ̤ kò̤;

he is tied up.

i só̤ tŏ̤ kò̤;

it was locked up.

i cŏ̤ tŏ̤ kò̤;

he was sitting down.

i ût tŏ̤ kò̤;

he is lying down.

i pēⁿ tŏ̤ kò̤;

he was sick.

tĭⁿ tŏ̤ kò̤;

it is quite full.

bô̤ tŏ̤ kò̤;

it is not there.

ŭ tŏ̤ kò̤;

what there is.

cèng tŏ̤ kò̤;

it is planted.

tùe tŏ̤ kò̤;

it is adhering to it.

chah tŏ̤ kò̤;

it is sticking in there.

cōi tŏ̤ kò̤;

there are many.

cíe tŏ̤ kò̤;

there are few.

tŏ̤ i sin piⁿ kò̤;

upon his person.

tŏ̤ hái kîⁿ;

on the sea shore.

tŏ̤ suaⁿ kha;

at the foot of the hill.

tŏ̤ chn̂g ĕ;

under the table.

tŏ̤ lṳ́ kò̤;

where you are.

tŏ̤ úa kò̤;

by me.

tŏ̤ lō phâng;

by the roadside.

tŏ̤ koi chĭ;

in the market.

tŏ̤ thiⁿ;

in the heavens.

tŏ̤ tī;

on the earth.

tŏ̤ hìeⁿ-pôiⁿ;

on the other side.

tŏ̤ hṳ́ gūa mīn kò̤;

on the outside there.

• 袋tō̤8451455
• A bag, a sack, a pouch, a pocket, a purse, a case, a covering; to inclose and protect things.

saⁿ tō̤;

a pocket in a dress.

khǹg tŏ̤ saⁿ-tō̤ tói;

put it into his pocket.

cṳ-cheh tō̤;

a satchel for books.

pò-tō̤;

a cloth bag.

hun-tō̤;

a tobacco pouch.

ngṳ̂n tō̤;

a purse.

kńg chō̤ lô̤h kńg-tō̤;

put the essay into the satchel carried by candidates at an examination.

sìⁿ-tō̤ kò̤ cîam ki sìⁿ chut lâi;

took a fan out of a fan-case.

cía kè-cîⁿ cū kah pin tō̤;

this price just suits my purse.

keng-tō̤;

a quiver.

ang-chun tō̤;

a bag in which fighting quails are carried.

âk-kìaⁿ tō̤;

a spectacle-case.

în-cí tō̤;

a cartridge-box.

mîⁿ-tō̤;

cotton bales.

lâi ŭ kúi choiⁿ tō̤ bí;

several thousand bags of rice have arrived.

ēng chûn pùaⁿ tō̤;

have half a bag of it remaining.

cháu-tō̤;

gunny bags.

• 代tō̤845
• A generation; a reign.

nî tō̤ kú-ẃn;

endures forever.

ngŏ tō̤ tâng tn̂g;

five generations living at one time.

nín tâng sí-có kàu taⁿ jîeh cōi tō̤?

How many generations have there been between the founter of your family and yourselves?

puaⁿ tŏ̤ cí-kò̤ chàng hieⁿ kàu taⁿ ŭ kúi tō̤?

How many generations have elapsed since they moved here and founded this village?

• 嗛tō̤3893010
• The pouch of a monkey or marmot; to hold in the pouch or chops.

i nŏ̤ kâi kâu-tō̤ cū tō̤ hô̤h cōi mûeh;

he can hold a great many things in his cops at once.

i thau cîah lío, hŵn-lío tō̤ nŏ̤ tō̤ tŏ̤ chùi-tèng;

after eating it in on the sly, he still has two chops full in his chops.