Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular/Introductory

by Lim Hiong Seng

INTRODUCTORY.

Lesson I.

我

Uá

I.

阮

Ún

We (not including the person addressed.)

咱

Nán

We (including the person addressed.)

爾

Lṳ́

You (singular.)

恁

Nín

You (plural.)

伊

I

He, she, it, him, her.

有

Ũ

Have.

無

Bô

No, none.

是

Sĩ

Yes, is.

不是

M̄-sĩ

Not, no.

要

Àiⁿ

Want, wish.

勿

Màiⁿ

Don't want, don't.

來

Lâi

Come.

去

Khṳ̀

Go.

不

M̃

Will not.

我有

Uá ũ

I have.

爾無

Lṳ́ bô

You havn't.

阮勿

Ún màiⁿ

We don't want.

恁來

Nín lâi

You (plural) come.

伊不來

I m̃-lâi

He won't come.

伊要去

I àiⁿ-khṳ̀

He wants to go.

咱來去

Nán lâi-khṳ̀

Let us go.

我不去

Uá m̃-khṳ̀

I am not going.

不是爾

M̄-sĩ lṳ́

Not you.

是伊

Sĩ i

It is he.

Lesson II.

此處

Chí-kò, chié

Here.

彼處

Hṳ́-kò, hié

There.

何處

Tî-kò

Where?

何時　的時

Tiang-sî, tî-sî

When?

此個

Chí-kâi, chiá

This.

彼個

Hṳ́-kâi, hiá

That.

的一個　的個

Tî-chék-kâi, tî-kâi

Which?

的個　是乜

Tî-kâi, sĩ-mih

What?

何為

Tsò-nîⁿ

Why?

因為

In-ûi

Because, on account of.

是誰

Tî-tiâng

Who?

是誰個

Tî-tiâng-kâi

Whose?

此賤個

Chí-chùaⁿ-kâi

These.

彼賤個

Hṳ́-chùaⁿ-kâi

Those.

何為　若

Tsò-nîⁿ, jiéh

How?

如此

Chièⁿ-seⁿ

Like this, thus.

如彼

Hièⁿ-seⁿ

Like that.

了

Lióu

Then.

就

Chiũ

Thereupon.

還了

Huân-lióu

Still.

在

Tõ

At, in, on, in the act of.

照

Chiè

According to.

返轉

Huán-tńg

顛倒

Tin-tò

On the contrary, on the other hand.

共

Kāng, kah

And.

是

Sĩ

But.

亦

Iā

Also.

從　在

Tshông, tõ

From.

到

Kàu

To.

豈

Khah

Too.

約量

Iak-liãng

差不多

Tsha-but-to

About.

或者

Pa-lak

Perhaps.

那是

Nān-sĩ

If.

亞是

A-sĩ

Or.

亞無

A-bô

罵

Mē

拎

Nē

Or not? Interrogative Signs.

Lesson III.
Exercises.

我在此處

Uá tõ chí-kò

I am here,

爾在彼處

Lṳ́ tõ hṳ́-kò

You are there.

伊在何處

I tõ tî-kò?

Where is he?

恁何時去

Nín tiang-sî khṳ̀?

When did you go?

此個是的個

Chí-kâi sĩ tî-kâi?

What is this?

彼個我勿

Hṳ́-kâi uá màiⁿ

I don't want that one.

爾要的一個

Lṳ́ àiⁿ tî-chék-kâi?

Which do you want?

爾要的個

Lṳ́ aìⁿ tî-kâi?

What do you want?

伊如何無來

I tsò-nîⁿ bô-lâi?

Why did he not come?

是因為如何

Sĩ in-ûi tsò-nîⁿ?

For what reason?

爾是誰人

Lṳ́ sĩ tî-tiâng?

Who are you?

此是誰人個

Chiá sĩ tî-tiâng-kâi?

Whose is this?

此賤個不是

Chí-chùaⁿ-kâi m̄-sĩ

These are not them.

彼賤個是否

Hṳ́-chùaⁿ-kâi sĩ--mē?

Are those them?

爾有若干

Lṳ́ ũ jiéh-tsōi?

How much have you?

爾有若干個

Lṳ́ ũ jiéh-tsōi kâi?

How many have you?

是如此

Sĩ chièⁿ-seⁿ

It is like this.

不是如此

M̄-sĩ hièⁿ-seⁿ

Not like that.

伊還了未去

I huân-lióu būe-khṳ̀

He hasn't gone yet.

此個共彼個

Chí-kâi kah hṳ́-kâi

This one and that one.

此不是

Chía m̄-sĩ

This is not it.

彼就是

Hiá chiũ-sĩ

That is it.

爾亦有

Lṳ́ iā ũ

You have got it too.

從何處到何處

Tshông tî-kò kàu tî-kò?

From where to where?

在此處到彼處

Tõ chí-kò kàu hṳ́-kò

From here to there.

或者無

Pa-lak bô

Perhaps not.

爾有或無

Lṳ́ ũ a-bô?

Have you or have you not? did you or did you not?

我無

Uá bô

I havn't; I did not.

爾有去否

Lṳ́ ũ-khṳ̀ mē?

Did you go?

無

Bô

No.

如何無也

Tsò-nîⁿ bô--nē?

Why not?

因為我不去

In-ûi uá m̃-khṳ̀

Because I don't want to go.

此個是我個

Chí-kâi sĩ uá-kâi

This is mine.

不是爾個

M̄-sĩ lṳ́-kâi

It isn't yours.

是伊個

Si i-kâi

It is his.

爾個不是如此

Lṳ́-kâi m̄-sĩ chièⁿ-seⁿ

Yours is not like his.

伊個是如此

I kâi sĩ chièⁿ-seⁿ

His is like this.