such spoken or written words by their general purport or to describe such picture generally, without setting forth a copy or facsimile of such written words or such picture. The description, if in a bill of particulars, is sufficient if the defendant is thereby sufficiently informed of the identity of the words or picture concerning which the averment is made so as to enable him to prepare his defense.
§ 24. Meaning of Words and Phrases.] The words and phrases used in an indictment, information or bill of particulars are to be construed according to their usual acceptation, except that words and phrases which have been defined by law or which have acquired a legal signification are to be construed according to their legal signification.
§ 25. Allegation of Prior Convictions.] No indictment or information shall contain an allegation of a prior conviction of the defendant unless such allegation is necessary to charge the offense under Section 7.
§ 26. Private Statutes.] In referring in an indictment or information to a private statute or a right derived therefrom it is sufficient to refer to the statute by its title and the day of its passage or in any other manner which identifies the statute, and the court shall thereupon take judicial notice thereof.
§ 27. Judgments.] In referring in an indictment or information to a judgment or other determination of, or a proceeding before, any court or official, civil or military, it is unnecessary to allege the facts conferring jurisdiction on such court or official, but it is sufficient to allege generally that such judginent or determination was given or made or such proceeding had, in such manner as identifies the judgment, determination or proceeding.
§ 28. Exceptions.) No indictment or information for an offense created or defined by statute shall be invalid or insufficient merely for the reason that it fails to negative any exception, excuse or proviso contained in the statute creating or defining the offense.
§ 29. Alternative or Disjunctive Allegations.] No indictment or information for an offense which may be committed by the doing of one or more of several acts, or by one or more of several means, or with one or more of several intents, or with one or more of several results, shall be invalid or insufficient for the reason that two or more of such acts, means, intents or results are charged in the disjunctive or alternative.
§ 30. Indirect Allegations.] No indictment or information shall be invalid or insufficient for the reason that it alleges indirectly and by inference or by way of recital any matters, facts or circumstances connected with or constituting the offense.
