20 STRUCTURE OF VERBAL STEMS.
The potential, of which only the S. 3 is traceable, resembles Pali in using the termination eyya with variant ejja.
Skr. v / 1*{ "go," S. 3. »I^|f^ Ja'ma Ttf^SH, 1l$!n[ • v 7 ^ "take," „ fl^^lr^ „ W|*Q^»J.
But there exi>t some old simple forms derived by phonetic changes from the corresponding Sanskrit tense, as kujja = kuryat, dajja = dadyat (Mueller, p. 00). The future resembles that of Pali, thus —
s. i. ^rfawrfa, 2. •^rf%, 3. 0^?;; p. 1. °^w*fr, 2. °^ft^.
It also appears with a termination ihi produced by weakening W into f and the following n to /, thus —
Skr. 7rf*nzrfiT- Jain Tlf^fffrT and TrfaffffrT-
Moreover, there is a trace of the double future like Pali dakkhissati.
Skr. v'tTf "go," with "3U, ^UT^ "attain," future "SqUTSf?}, Jaina ^3T3f5?Tffffl •
II. re "^qMrffflT? would phonetically become ^TT^£T> an d by still further softening 444^51^, whence, as if from a present, is formed the future ^«^<f^*+if and T^rf^jf^t?!.
§ 0. The reduction in the number of tenses necessitates a greatly extended use of participles. This is one great step in the transition from the synthetical to the analytical system. The Sanskrit present active participle takes in that language the characteristics of the ten conjugations, and is declined as a noun in three genders. It ends properly in ant, but the nasal is dropped before certain terminations, as
M. i. N.
W>i twft tv<{.
