532
Appendix B: Agriculture and Forestry
- hammarskipt (OSw) n.
- An older land division system than solskipt. It is mentioned in SdmL, UL and VmL only. The exact meaning is still obscure. According to an older explanation, the term might refer to uncultivated and stony land available for reclamation and cultivation on the village common land. Another explanation suggests that it was an individually based cultivation and reclamation of land in common meadows and pastures.
- hagaskipti (ONorw) n.
- Parcelling out pastureland.
- teghskipt (OSw) n.
- The distribution of strip fields in the village land.
- engjaskifti (OIce) n.
- Division of meadowlands.
- Refs: Brink 1991, 2, http://www.norna.org/?q=nonelex's.v. –hammare; CV s.v. engjaskipti; Göransson 1961, 80–83; Göransson 1976, 22–37; Hafström 1951, 104–56; Hoff 1997, 197–209; Hertzberg's.v. engjaskipti; KLNM, s.v.v. bolskift, hammarskifte, solskifte, tegskifte; Porsmose 1988, 270; Riddersporre 2001, 64–65; Sporrong 1992, 355; Schlyter's.v.v. hamar, solskipt.
- See also the different land assessment units attunger, bol and markland in the lexicon.
- repa (OSw) , repe (ODan) v.
- To divide communal village land between landowners using a rope as measurement.
- See also álburðr, byamal, jorthemal, mal, mælistang, ornume, rep, repdrøgh, skipt, stangfall, stika, taumburðr, urfiælder, vaþstang
- Refs: KLNM s.v. rebning; Tamm and Vogt, eds, 2016, 307, 312.
Non-cultivated land: meadow, pasture
Meadow
- æng (OSw, ODan) , eng(1) (ON) n.
- Æng, eng refer to enclosed open land which was not cultivated but, most often, cleared from trees and stone, and where hay was harvested. After the harvest the meadow as well as any cultivated fields lying fallow were used for grazing, and thus became fertilized to some extent. In Norway a farm might lack aker but never eng.Both cultivated fields and meadows would be enclosed with stone walls or wooden fences as the many rules about enclosures in the laws bear witness about. These rules may also reveal information about the different farming systems that were used in different areas. Damage to a meadow had to be compensated. See GuL chs 82, 83, 90.skoghæng (SdmL) woodland meadow.
- Refs: CV s.v. eng; KLNM, s.v.v. eng, ängsskötsel; Schlyter's.v. æng.
- boland (OG) , búland (OIce) n.
- Inhabited land, agricultural land on a farm including grazing area.
- Refs: CV s.v. búland; ONP s.v. búland; Schlyter's.v. bo land; Zoega's.v. búland.
- taða (OIce) n.
- A fertilized meadow, or hay from one.
- See also töðuvöllr (below).
- Refs: CV s.v. taða; ONP s.v. taða; Zoega's.v. taða.
- traðargarðr (ONorw) n.
- Fence between pasture and cultivated land.
- Ref: Fritzner's.v. traðargarðr.
- töðuvöllr (OIce) n.
- A manured infield.
- See also taða.
- Ref: CV s.v. töðuvöllr.
