FABEE D EGLANTINE
FARGUS
pean attention. He was a Theist, but
free from all superstition, and quite in
different to dogmas and miracles " (D. G.
Legros, La vie de J. H. Fabre, 1913,
p. 192). In its obituary notice of Fabre
the AthencBum wrongly says that he was
" an early admirer of Darwin." He never
read the Origin of Species, and never
accepted Darwinism. He was an obstinate
vitalist, like S. Butler. D. Oct. 11, 1915.
FABRE D EGLANTINE, Philippe Frangois Nazaire, French dramatist. B. July 28, 1750. In his youth Fabre won the prize of a wild rose (eglantine] at Toulouse, and he added the word to his name. He was on the stage for a time, then playwright, and one of the dramatists of the Revolution. He was a member of the Convention, and prepared the Revolu tionary calendar, but he fell with his friend Danton. D. Apr. 5, 1794.
FABRICATORE, Professor Bruto,
Italian writer. B. 1824. Ed. Naples University. He taught in, and from J847 to 1859 was head of, the Marquis Puoti s Institute at Naples, which was obnoxious to the reactionary Government and did much to prepare the way for Garibaldi. The Antologia Contcmporanea, which he edited, was suppressed. After the Gari- baldian liberation he entered Parliament (1861-66) and became professor of Italian literature (1867). He took part in the Freethought Congress in 1869.
FAGGI, Professor Adolfo, Italian philosopher. B. Aug. 9, 1868. From Palermo University, where he taught theoretical philosophy, he passed in 1908 to Pavia, where he still is. His many works on psychology and philosophy pro ceed on psycho-physical lines, and his La Eeligione e il suo Avvenire (1892) is thoroughly Rationalist or Positivist.
FAGUET, Professor Auguste Emile,
D. es L., French writer. B. Dec. 17, 1847.
Ed. Lycee de Poitiers, Lycee Charlemagne,
243
and Ecole Normale Superieure. After
teaching for a number of years in pro
vincial schools he became, in 1890, pro
fessor of literature at the Sorbonne.
Faguet was one of the leading French
literary and dramatic critics, and author of
a long and esteemed series of historical and
literary works. He was a Chevalier of the
Legion of Honour and member of the
Academy. In his Voltaire (1895) he
deprecates active hostility to Christianity,
and is for non-aggressive Agnosticism. D.
June 7, 1916.
FALLIERES, Clement Armand,
eighth President of the French Republic. B. Nov. 6, 1841. Fallieres was of peasant origin, but by hard work he became a lawyer and practised at Nerac. He was mayor of Nerac in 1873. In 1876 he entered the Chambre, and was one of the stoutest supporters of Gambetta s anti clerical campaign. In 1882 he was chosen Minister of the Interior, in 1883 President of the Council, in 1884 Minister of Public Instruction, in 1887 Minister of the Interior, in 1889 again Minister of Public Instruc tion (during the period of laicization), in 1890 Minister of Justice and Cults (when he severely checked the clergy), in 1899 President of the Senate, and in 1906 President of the Republic. Throughout his career he showed himself a sagacious and patriotic Rationalist statesman. He retired in 1913, and still enjoys (1920) the honours he has gathered.
FARGUS, Frederick John, novelist (" Hugh Conway "). B. Dec. 26, 1847. Ed. Training-ship Conway and private school, Bristol. He became an auctioneer, but wrote verse and stories in his leisure, under the pseudonym of " Hugh Conway." In 1883 he published his famous novel Called Back, which sold nearly half a million copies, and in 1884 published Dark Days. He wrote several other novels and a volume of verse, A Life s Idylls (1879), which includes many Rationalistic poems, especially a sonnet entitled " The Unknow- 244
