HISTORY OF PRINTING.
or two persons, while this was established by the union of two societies or gilds • in the town of Cambridge, and denominated Collegium Corpo- rii Christi et BeaUe Marite Virginis, is usually called Bene't college, from its situation near St. Benedict's church, which is appropriated thereto, and was the last appropriation made in England.
During the period embraced by the reign of Elizabeth, poetry was cultivated in Scotland by a few individuals, who, if not so celebrated as Dunbarf and Lindsay ,t were at least worthy fol- lowers of the same school. The chief of these were Alexander Scot, sir Richard Maitland, and Alexander Montgomeiv. Their poems are chiefly short pieces of a moral, satirical, or descriptive land; in which the versification is very correct, and the language in general very happy, though the style of the ideas seems a century behind that of the English poetry of the same age.
The Cherry and the Slae\\ of Montgomery, is a beautiful poem, describing the various passions of the human soul, and which has retamed its popularity longer than any other poetical com- position of the reign of James VI. Montgomery appears from a passage in a memoir of Mure of Kowallen, his nephew, to have died between the years 1607 and 1611. During the reign of James VI. the admirable Crichton§ also adds a lustre on the Scottish name.
- A gild wu a comi«ny of penons aaaociated for chari-
table, religloiu, or mercantile purposes, and Is ■apposed to have been a Saxon institntiou.
t William Dunbar was born at Salton, in East Lotbiao, ■bout uBi, He became a clergryman, and flonrished at the Scottiab court from about the year 1500 to 1J30, in which year he ia supposed to have died. Some of his poems are humorous, and refer to humble life ; others arc allegorical, and full of beautiful natuzal ima^ry ; a third kind arc moral and instructire ; and he ia equally happy in all. His chief poems are the Thulte and the Rote, In 1503 ; and the Frian of Berwick. Hia poems were published vrith notes, by sir David Dalrymple.
t The warkis of the famout and vorthie knichi, achir David Lyndeiay, of the pumt, aliat, Lfoun king ofarma. Newlf eorrectU, and vindtcaie from the former errouria jMhair, with thay war hefoir eorruptit, and augmentU with rindrie warki»t quhitk was not befoir hnprentiti ^e. Newlie imprentit i« Johne Scot,at the ejpentU ofHenrie Charlerit, and are to oetauld in hitbutth, on the north eydeof the gait, u6ove the throne. Cum privitegio regati. 1558. 4to. Henry Charteris printed another edition in 1588, with a print of Justice and religion. And again In 1593.
I The Cherrie and the Stae. Complyt into Scoitia metre, hf Alexander Montgomerie. Edinburgh, printed by R. Waldegrane, 1595, 8ro. In 1832, the poetical works of llontgomery appeared in a very handsome edition, under the superintendence of Mr. DaWd Laing, with ablograpbl- oal preface from the pen of Dr. Irving.
5 James Crichton, of whom so many wondcrftal things •re related as to have procured him the name of "the admirable Crichton," was born in 1551, in the county of Perth, of a good family, and educated at St Andrew's, where he made a rapid progress in the languages and sciences. At the age of twenty he visited Paris, and ■cnuircd uncommon reputation as a disputant, and for his aklll and activity in games of all sorts, as wdl as martial exercises. lie next went to Rome, and displayed his talents in the presence of the pope and cardinals. From thence he travelled to Venice, where he became intimate with the learned Aldus Manutius, printer, who dedicated to him the Paradoxes of Cicero, in a strain of panegyric which borders on the ridiculous. At Padua he held dispu- tations with the most learned professors on a number of fuhiccts, but particularly on the Aristotelian pliilosophy. We next «nd him at Mantua, where he is reported to have alain a famous master in a duel. The dnkc of Mantua was ao pleased with Crichton as to appoint him tutor to his «i>n, who «-as a very liccDtions young man. This a|>|ioint.
1587. From a book without dale, but supposed to have been printed in this year, it appears that Robert Triplett, "stationer, or bookebiuder, dwelt at the signe of the Aqua Vite Still, neere Olde Fish-street," Oxford.
1587. Thomas Marshe or Marsh, an origi- nal member of the stationers' company, entered on the livery 1562, and filled the various offices of the company: he appears to have been a dis- orderly character, and was frequently fined for disobedience of their ordinances. He dwelt in Fleet-street, at the Prince's Arms, near St.Dun- stan's Church, according to some of his colo- phons,* but in Atham'i Almanac it is styled the ' Kiu^s arms.' Strype, in Stouts Survey, says that he had a great license to print Latin books used in the schools of England, against which the poor stationers complained to the lord treasurer, when a compromise took place between them.
1587. Henrv Mabsbe was a relation to the above, and with Gerard Dewes, assignee. He succeeded to the house and business, (after the death of T. Marshe, if not before) for the first book printed by Henry is dated 1684. In 1685, he printed i'VoncM Ketl his epistle to divers papists in England, promng the pope to be the beast men- tioned in the xiii Kevelat. ire. Svo. The author of this work was the last person who suffered for heterodox opinions, whicn took place in 1589. In 1587, he printed the Mirror for Magistrate*, 4to, in which he calls himself the assignee of Thomas Marshe. He likewise printed divers yearly almanacks, and prognostications, wrote by Henry Lowe, doctor in physich.
1587. Abraham Vele, or Veale, was a member of the company of drapers, and after- wards admitted a member of the stationers' com- pany, by whom he was several times fined. He appears to have been in business for the space of thirty-five years, and printed twenty-four works. His residence was at the sign of tJie Lamb, in St. Paul's church yard.
1587. Henry Middleton dwelt at the sign of the Falcon, in Fleet-street, and was in part- nership with Thomas East, so early as 1569 ; but whether he wa.s son of William Middleton, noticed at page 298, ante, is uncertain. He printed thirty-six works, manv of which were in Latin. In 1587, he printed A godlis garden, otU of which mostcomforlablehearbes may begathered for thewoimded conscience of all penitent rinnerx. Perused and allowed. 24mo.
ment, however, proved fatal to him ; fbr cue night, as he was walking through the streeta in camivsl time, he was attacked by alx assassins, and after a gallait defence lost bis life. It Is said that the person who gave him the fatal stroke was the prince his pupil. This eve it la placed in the year 1583. Four of his Latin poems are extant, but so very wretched as to stamp the marvellous character of him, given by some biographers, with thf: charge of im- posture.
- Colophon is a word derived fTora a citi' of that name,
inAsia, where the artists of all descriptions wsre exceedingly expert, insomuch that KoXofuya IvtZiBtyai became a proverb among the Greeks, aignifjring tUiman manam imponere, to put the finishing hand to aiiy thing* The same ideawaslmpliedby the word Colopho acm among the Romans, lie.— Thovaas't Hiilorg of America, vol.1. 1810.
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