382 COMPARATIVE ARCHITECTURE. FRENCH GOTHIC. SO rich as in England, and often were kept some distance from window openings. Features and details are coarser, less attention being given to these on account of the largeness of scale. G. Ornament. — Decorative figure sculpture of the highest type was attained, and is particularly seen in the great doorways of the west fronts of Notre Dame (No. 156), Amiens, Rheims (No. 161), and in the north and south porticos of Chartres, where they are inclosed in niches or tabernacles surround- ing the arch in successive tiers. The carving of such features as gargoyles, finials, crockets and cor- bels was either of floral forms or of animals and birds, and was of great refinement (No. 165), especially in the South of France. Stained glass was much de- veloped, and Chartres possesses examples which, in a prevailing tone of blue tending to violet, give an idea of the general effect of an interior, according to the intent of the artists of the epoch. Much of the best stained glass has, however, been destroyed. Color decoration in frescoes and as applied to sculpture seems to have been fully developed, and it would appear that hangings were imitated in painted wall decora- tions. ENGLISH GOTHIC. applied to capitals and pier arches as well as to door and window openings. Features and details are of great refinement, much attention being given owing to the smallness of scale. G. Ornament. — Decorative figure sculpture was not carried out so extensively as in France, but the Cathedrals of Wells and Lichfield, and Westminister Abbey, are rich in this respect, the west front of the former being the most complete. The "dog-tooth" ornament (No. 147 a) is common in early examples of the style. The carving varies considerably in each of the periods, being con- ventional in the Early English, naturalesque in the Decorated and again conventional in the Perpen- dicular. Stained glass was developed on similar lines as in France, the earlier examples, as at Canterbury, being in small pieces heavily leaded, whereas the later examples consist of large figures surrounded with representations of the niches and crocketed canopies as executed by the sculptors. Color decoration to wall surfaces and sculpture was much employed The painted roofs and screens of the Perpendicular period are notable. 5. REFERENCE BOOKS. " Archives de la Commission des Monuments Historiques. 4 vols., folio. Paris, 1850-1872. Baudot (A. de): — " La Sculpture Fraufaise." Large folio. Paris. 1884. Burges (W.). — "Architectural Drawings." Folio. 1870. " Cathedrales de la France." 150 collotypes, folio. Paris, 1899. Caumont (A. de). — " Abecedaire, on Rudiment d'Archeologie." 3 vols., 8vo. Caen, 1869-70 Corroyer (E.). — "Gothic Architecture." 8vo. 1893. Enlart (C). — " Manuel d'Archeologie Fran9aise." 2 vols., 8vo. Paris, T902.
