Nursing in America 149 was formed in Louisiana, then a French province (1727), by UrsuHne nuns under Mother St. Augus- tine. Though they now only teach, c th v built hospitals. They had active war ° ® service in 181 5 during the battle of New Orleans. This seems to have been their last nursing record. The Sisters of Charity of Nazareth, in Louis- ville, nursed cholera cases in 1832-33, and opened an infirmary which preceded their present large hospital service. The Sisters of Charity of Mt. St. Vincent in New York founded (1849) St. Vincent's, the now well-known hospital. Sister Anthony O'Connell of the Sisters of Charity of Cincinnati was known as the "Angel of the battle- field" during the Civil War. She had charge of the old St. John's hospital. The Sisters of the Holy Cross (1843) were also active in nursing and had about eighty members in that war work. The various orders of Sisters of Charity and Sisters of Mercy now have charge of many large and well-managed hospitals, and have been es- pecially prominent in recent years in organizing secular schools for nurses. The first of these in point of time were opened in the Mercy hospital, Chicago (1889), St. Mary's in Brooklyn (1889), St. Vincent's, New York (1892), and Carney hos- they at first taught, and nursed, and Catholic nursing orders
