1 64 A Short History of Nursing schools (a second year in the hospital was the rule, but classes and lectures were not carried on after the first), there was almost uni- Hospital courses as versally, by 1900, a three years hospi- they de- tal training with theoretical instruction ▼eloped -,. ., distnbuted over the whole time. The difficulties of special and small hospitals had been early recognized, and a system of co-operation brought about by the hea(ds of schools, to share and equalize opportunities for experience. As this system became quite widely and thoroughly worked out under the name "affiliation," between large and small, special and state hospitals, it is of in- terest to know that its first trial was made by two Bellevue nurses, Mary Rogers and Georgina Pope, who were in charge respectively of the Children's hospital and Columbia (a women's) hospital in Washington. Their experiment of exchanging pupils was made in 1888, and with satisfactory results. The extent to which "affiliation" grew after that first example may be illustrated by the case of Bellevue and Allied hospitals in 1919, with one hundred and forty-eight student nurses coming from nine states and Canada to take general work. The institutions from which they came included eleven state hospitals for the insane, one children's, one women's and children's, the Army Nursing
