Nursing in other Countries 267 and who have helped to build up nursing educa- tion in both countries. Hospital service in Australia began in 1811 with the building of the Sydney hospital (then Infirm- ary). Trained nursing took root at iVustrftlifl an early date (1868), when a group of "Nightingales," headed by Lucy Osborn, opened a school in this oldest hospital. Their work was a complete success, and though in a short time they had all married, yet from their demon- stration new centres arose, and the Nightingale system became the accepted standard of the country. The Tasmanian government brought out more Nightingale nurses to begin reorganizing in Hobart and Launceston; the Alfred hospital was placed under the matronship of Miss Turriff, also from St. Thomas's; the Melbourne hospital called an Edinburgh Royal Infirmary nurse, Miss Rathie, in 1890; the Brisbane hospital had a Matron from the Charing Cross hospital; the General hospital in Adelaide secured two London hospital nurses. In 1892 the young Australian profession began talking about uniting. An association of nurses and medical members, which quickly became na- tional, was founded in 1899, with state registration as its goal. Yet it did not satisfy all those in the
