Page:Adams ex rel. Kasper v. School Board of St. Johns County, Florida (2018).pdf/26

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Case 3:17-cv-00739-TJC-JBT Document 192 Filed 07/26/18 Page 26 of 70 PageID 10704

mother met with various school and District personnel, sent them letters and emails, and pursued a complaint with the U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Civil Rights; by the end of his sophomore year when those efforts had not resulted in any change to the school bathroom policy, Adams, through his mother, filed this lawsuit. Doc. 160-1 at Tr. 254–60.

For some of Adams’ classes during his junior year, the gender-neutral bathrooms were considerably further away than the boys’ restrooms.[1] Id. at Tr. 117, 119, 122–24, 176–79. Adams monitors his fluid intake to minimize his need to use the restroom and he now uses the school bathroom only once or twice a day.[2] Id. at Tr. 118–19, 172. Adams thinks ahead about where his classes are and which bathrooms he can access, worrying he will miss valuable class time if a gender-neutral bathroom is not nearby.[3] Id. at Tr. 118–19. Adams’ has not registered for any physical


  1. Nease has increased the number of gender-neutral single-stall restrooms available for student use since Adams started as a student there. Originally, only one was available, in the school office. By the time Adams finished his junior year in the spring of 2018, eleven were available. Doc. 160-1 at Tr. 120; Doc. 162 at Tr. 133–34.
  2. Pediatric endocrinologist Dr. Adkins testified that limiting fluid intake to avoid bathroom use increases the risk of urinary tract infections and dehydration (Doc. 166, Ct. Ex. 2 at Tr. 32–33), but Adams has never complained to school officials about those issues (Doc. 160-1 at Tr. 179), and there is no evidence in the record of him having suffered from those problems.
  3. Having visited the Nease campus and toured the routes Adams took from his classes to the nearest gender-neutral bathroom, the Court did not find those distances to be so far as to disrupt Adams’ class schedule.

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