ANNEX 2
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES
AND ECONOMIC RESEARCH
1. For the purpose of determining and reporting on air pollutant concentrations and deposition, the Parties agree to coordinate their air pollutant monitoring activities through:
- (a) coordination of existing networks;
- (b) additions to monitoring tasks of existing networks of those air pollutants that the Parties agree should be monitored for the purposes of this Agreement;
- (c) addition of stations or networks where no existing monitoring facility can perform a necessary function for purposes of this Agreement;
- (d) the use of compatible data management procedures, formats, and methods; and
- (e) the exchange of monitoring data.
2. For the purpose of determining and reporting air emissions levels, historical trends, and projections with respect to the achievement of the general and specific objectives set forth in this Agreement, the Parties agree to coordinate their activities through:
- (a) identification of such air emissions information that the Parties agree should be exchanged for the purposes of this Agreement;
- (b) the use of measurement and estimation procedures of comparable effectiveness;
- (c) the use of compatible data management procedures, formats, and methods; and
- (d) the exchange of air emission information.
3. The Parties agree to cooperate and exchange information with respect to:
- (a) their monitoring of the effects of changes in air pollutant concentrations and deposition with respect to changes in various effects categories, e.g. aquatic ecosystems, visibility, and forests;
- (b) their determination of any effects of atmospheric pollution on human health and ecosystems, e.g. research on health effects of acid aerosols, research on the long-term effects of low concentrations of air pollutants on ecosystems, possibly in a critical loads framework;
- (c) their development and refinement of atmospheric models for purposes of determining source receptor relationships and transboundary transport and deposition of air pollutants;
- (d) their development and demonstration of technologies and measures for controlling emissions of air pollutants, in particular acidic deposition precursors, subject to their respective laws, regulations and policies;
- (e) their analysis of market-based mechanisms, including emissions trading; and
- (f) any other scientific and technical activities or economic research that the Parties may agree upon for purposes of supporting the general and specific objectives of this Agreement.
4. The Parties further agree to consult on approaches to, and share information and results of research on, methods to mitigate the impacts of acidic deposition, including the environmental effects and economic aspects of such methods.
