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83. In the following cases disturbing influences exist :—
(a) Ea, accented, and in first syllable, followed by a protected liquid, or by ḃ, ṁ, and a vowel or liquid is pronounced like ou in “house.” Ṁ produces a nasal diphthong (§ 14).
| seaḃaċ | leaḃar | meaḃar |
| leaṁnaċt | cleaṁnas | geaṁar |
| ceann | peann | gleann |
| geall | meall | ceanntar |
For a long list of words refer to § 60 also to § 75.
(b) When not in first syllable, ea followed by ḃ, ṁ, &c, = ú.
| duilleaḃar | laeṫeaṁail | flaiṫeaṁail |
| biṫeaṁnaċ | croiḋeaṁail | breiṫeaṁnas |
For longer list refer to § 62.
(c) When ea accented is followed by the broad gutturals ċ, g, ng (the ng not being final—Munster), the e is a mere glide and the a, if the ea be initial, gets the sound of the first a in “capall,” otherwise it gets a slightly flatter sound (Ulster, Munster, and Connaught).
| eagla | eagal | eaglais |
| eagailse | eagair | teaċtaire |
| leag | ceaċt | creaċ |
| beaċ | teaċt | imṫeaċt |
| seaċain | teanga | seaċt |
| sceaċ | ceangail | freagra |
(d) Beag=beog, seaċas (i.e., Seaċ)=seoċas (eo in deoċ § 100 (a)), In bead (C. béad), “e” is the vowel, and “a” the glide; eala=ala, ealaḋa=alaí.
