gar, grian, gaol, guidhe, geas, guin. Labialised ꬶ appears in bean, Eng. queen, bior, beò, bó, brà, quern, bràghad.
(2) Intervocalic Celtic g. See deigh, aghaidh, greigh, truagh, bleoghainn, tigh, bragh, etc. In the termination of words it appears often as ch: teach (*tegos), mach, (*magos), imlich, im[th]ich, éirich, fuirich. Intervocalic ꬶ labialised does not seem to exist in modern G.
(3) Pre-consonantal Celtic g. Here ‑gr, ‑gl, ‑gn, become ‑r, ‑l, ‑n with vocalic lengthening, as feur, *vegro‑, àr, nàir, fuar, àl, fual, feun, *vegno‑, sròn, uan, tàin, bròn, etc. Before m, g is found in the combination ng‑m, which results in m with a preceding long vowel, as in ceum, leum, geum. Before s it becomes x and modern s, W. ch, as in uasal, W. uchel, as for ex, os, deer, W. ych, cas, las, uiseag. Before explosives the g is variously preserved: ‑gb, ‑gd may be passed over; ‑ct, ‑gt appear as chd, as in seachd, bliochd, smachd, nochd, sneachd, etc.; ‑gk ends in ‑kk, now c, for which see post-consonantal k; ‑gg appears as g, as in slug, bog, clag, lag, slige, smugaid.
(4) Post-consonantal Celtic g. After r and l the g is preserved in G., but often in W. becomes y; see dearg, fearg, searg, garg, lorg, balg, cealg, dealg, tulg. After n ordinary g is preserved, as in cumhang, long, muing, seang, fulaing. But labialised ꬶ became b, and then coalesced with the n into mm, now m as in ìm, butter, Lat. unguentum, tum, cam, tom, ciomach, and in modern times cum, keep, from *congv in congbhail. For ng‑m see the foregoing paragraph. For sg see the next paragraph. After the explosives, the g is preserved in the combinations ‑tg (freagair), ‑dg (agair), and ‑gg, which see below.
(5) Intervocalic Gaelic g. It arises from ‑sg firstly, which in pre-Celtic times was ‑zg, as in beag, mogul, griogag, mèag, eagal, etc., which see under I. E. z above. From the explosive combinations we have tg in freagair, *frith-gar‑, eagna, eagar; dg in agair, agus. The ‑gg must arise from a suffix in ‑go‑, which was operative in early Gadelic, if we discard Dr Stokes’ view already set forth. Cf. Eng. walk, hark, lurk, skulk, smirk. For this ‑gg see paragraph third above.
Intervocalic g may arise from a lost n before c, as in breug, geug, eug, etc. The previous vowel is lengthened save in a few cases where the word—or sentence—accent has brought about a short syllable. Thus thig has short i, and in G. leig is short. This is regularly the case with the results from the prefix con, confused with cos, as in cogais, O. Ir. concubus, cadal, cagar, cogadh, etc.
