Page:American Journal of Psychology Volume 21.djvu/24

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14
PORTER

tion, lack of pugnacity, lack of fear, and many other apparent disturbances may be just the condition which shall allow the other birds, those not opening the door, to give evidence that they have the capacity to learn vicariously or through Imita- tion.

In the present series the female Sparrow was not in normal condition much of the time. The male Sparrow was- very wild. The Cowbirds were not nearly so active as the Sparrows and usually made very few efforts. The later photographs show, however, that they learn to be present when the door is opened. They are certainly more attentive and interested if behavior is any criterion.

Table II
Results obtained with a pair of English Sparrows and Cowbirds.

Trial Date Time Birde opening Box Efforts by Birder opening box and other behavior
1 11-16 31 Female Eng. Spar. 140
2 "-17 12 " 56
3 "-" 23 " Not hungry.
4 "-18 2 " 1
5 "-" 8:45 "
6 "-19 5:40 " 3
7 "-" 1 " 4
8 "-20 3 " 6
9 "-21 :35 " 1
10 "-" 8:25 " 23
11 "-22 5:20 " 1
12 "-23 1:05 " 1
13 "-" :50 " 2
14 "-24 :50 " 2
15 "-" 1:15 " 3 On strings after door was open.
26 "-30 11:10 " 2 Escaped from cage and had to be caught.
27 12-1 13:45 Male Sparrow 14 Not certainly imitation.
28 "-" 5:30 " May be done in similar way due to great fear.
29 "-32 2:45 Female Sparrow 1
32 "-" 36:15 Male " 20 Female not hungry because she escaped from cage and found food.
33 "-4 10:20 Female " 2
60 "-21 :17 " 1 On string once after door was open.
61 "-22 3:00 " 1 In poor condition.
65 "-31 12:35 " 1
66 1-1 2:25 " 1 Male apparently imitating a good deal.
71 "-5 4:10 " 9 Strings to opposite side of door, place 2.
72 "-" 6:00 " 11
73 "-6 6:00 " 6
74 "-" 1:50 " 1
75 "-7 :35 " 1