CARSON 199 CARTLEDGE he was appointed lieutenant and assistant surgeon in the medical corps, the age limit being waived in order to permit him to pass the necessary examinations. The next few years of his life were largely passed in teach- ing, in which he was most successful. He was professor of bacteriology and clinical micro- scopy at the Army Medical School and after Dr. Reed's death succeeded him as professor of pathology at the Columbian University. He wrote a number of papers on the disease in its different phases. The first of these, on "The Treatment of Yellow Fever," was the earliest contribution to the therapeutics of the disease after its mode of transmission was understood. The most important of his papers is, probably, the article on yellow fever in Osier's "System of Medicine." In 1896 Carroll's name was suggested for The Nobel prize and in 1897 two universities (Maryland and Nebraska) conferred upon him their honorary LL.D. He was also elected to membership in many scientific societies. Unfortunately, he never fully recovered from his attack of yellow fever. During the height of the disease he had an attack of acute dilatation of the heart which induced in the end an organic heart lesion, from which he died after an illness of some months on September 16, 1907. He married in 1888, Jennie M. G. Lucas and left seven children, the eldest of whom had only just reached manhood. Caroline W. Latimer. Carson, Joseph (1808-1876) Joseph Carson, writer, and eminent professor of materia medica in the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, 1836-18S0, and professor of materia medica and therapeutics in the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, 1850-1876, was born in Philadelphia, April 19, 1808, son of Joseph Carson and Elizabeth Lawrence. His ancestry was Scotch and early members of his family were prominent in the early merchant shipping interests of Philadelphia. He attended the Germantown Academy and White's school in Philadelphia and graduated A. B. at the Uni- versity of Philadelphia in 1826. He went to work in the wholesale drug house of Edward Lowber, where he acquired a strong love for botany. He soon gave up business for medicine and studied with Thomas T. Hewson (q. v.) and graduated at the University in 1830, with a thesis on "Animal Temperature." He wa? resident physician at the Pennsyl- vania Hospital 1830-1831, then went as surgeon on an East Indiaman, Georgian, and visited Madras and Calcutta, returning in 1832 to practise in Philadelphia. Besides t)he two important teaching positions named he was lecturer on materia medica at the Philadelphia Medical Institute, 1844-1848, and obstetrician to the Pennsylvania Hospital, 1849-1854. Carson was a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences and of the American Philo- sophical Society, and a founder of the Amer- ican Medical Association. He was editor of the American Journal of Pharmacy, 1836-1849. He wrote much and with interest on various subjects, and is known especially for his "His- tory of the Medical Department of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania," 1869; another im- portant work is "Illustrations of Medical Botany," 1847, with one hundred plates, many colored by himself. He edited Pereira's "Elements of Materia Medica;" he wrote a careful thirty-three page review of works on puerperal eclampsia {American Journal of Sciences. 1871, Ixi, 433-466). Carson married Mary Goddard, a sister of Dr. Paul Beck Goddard, in 1841 ; she died the next year, and in 1848 he married Mary Hol- lingsworth. He died December 30, 1876. University of Pennsylvania, 1740-1900, J. L. Chamberlain. Standard History of the Medical Profession of Philadelphia, F. P. Henry. History of the Pennsylvania Hospital, 1751-1895, T. G. Morton and F. Woodbury. Am. Jour. Med. Sci., 1877, n.s., Ixxiii, 568-570. Cartledge, Abiah Morgan (1858-1908) Abiah Morgan Cartledge was the son of a Baptist minister, A. Morgan Cartledge, and Louisa Haigood and educated by his father and in local schools. When eighteen he helped in the drug store of Dr. Thomas Marian in Richburg, who, seeing the lad had ability, ad- vised his entering college as a medical stu- dent, so, as this counsel ran with Abiah's own wishes, he did so, and matriculated at the Hospital College of Medicine in Louisville, Kentucky, in 1880, graduating with honors in 1882. He served one year as interne at the Louisville City Hospital with marked distinc- tion and 1883 began to practise in Louis- ville. In 1885 he was made professor of surgery in the Hospital College of Medicine of his alma mater, where he taught with marked success until 1888, when he became demon- strator of anatomy in the Kentucky School of Medicine. During this time he had built up quite a large practice and his fame as a sur- geon was beginning to extend. His especial fitness and qualities as surgeon and teacher were also recognized by the faculty of the Louisville Medical College, who tendered him the chair of surgery and clinical surgery in
