nearly fifty years the only manual of the flowering plants of the southeastern states, and assured the reputation of its author as one of the foremost American botanists of his day. He published little else, but his correspondence was extensive, and long before the appearance of his flora he was well known to his fellow-botanists as a keen observer and an enthusiastic and scholarly worker. It was as early as 1838 that Torrey and Gray named in his honor the genus Chapmannia; species in at least five genera (Aster, Liatris, Polygala, Rynchospora, and Spermacoce) had been named for him before 1860, to say nothing of many others in later years.
Dr. Chapman was a man of fine physique and robust constitution, retaining all of his faculties (except that of hearing) almost unimpaired until the last day of his long life. A label on a plant specimen records the fact that he walked thirteen miles to collect it, in his eighty-third year; and a companion on a day's trip along the Apalachicola river, in the almost inaccessible palmetto and cypress swamps, bears witness to the fact that then, when he was eighty-seven years old, he showed the alacrity of the botanical collector in the best years of life. In November, 1839, he married Mrs. Mary Ann Simmons Hancock, but he was a widower for the twenty years preceding his death, and left no surviving children.
Chapman, Chandler Burnell (1815–1877)
Chandler Burnell Chapman was born in Middlebury, Vermont, July 7, 1815, and graduated from a college of medicine in the City of New York, in which city he was married to Mary Eugenia Pease, June, 1837. The young couple settled in Trumbull County, Ohio, where Dr. Chapman practised until May, 1846, when he moved to Madison, Wisconsin, then a settlement of less than four hundred persons. He accomplished the journey in one week's time by means of private conveyance, steamboat and stage. In addition to his practice, in the early fifties he conducted a school of medicine. Later Dr. Chapman devoted a part of his time to his duties as professor of chemistry and other studies at Miami and Cincinnati Colleges of Medicine. Among his published works is an "Agricultural Chemistry." At the outbreak of the Civil War he accompanied the sixth Wisconsin Regiment as surgeon and later was appointed surgeon of the famous "Iron Brigade." During the later years of the war Dr. Chapman served as medical director of the Army of the Rio Grande under Gen. Herron, his entire service covering the period between June, 1861 and August, 1864. Not infrequently he did operations which would be considered difficult at this time and to be undertaken only by the foremost surgeons. He was one of the organizers of the Dane County Medical Society.
Chapman made two journeys to the old world, spending a year and more each time, observing with great interest a number of the earliest operations performed under anesthetics, and spent much of his time visiting the hospitals of Great Britain and the Continent.
During the later years of his life he became deeply interested in the development of the state of Kansas.
He died at his home in Madisons, May 18, 1877, leaving a widow, a daughter, Eugenia Gillette, and a son. Chandler Pease.
Chapman, Henry Cadwalader (1845–1909)
Henry Cadwalader Chapman, physician and naturalist, was born August 17, 1845, in the home of his grandmother, Mrs. John Markoe, 1817 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His grandfather was Nathaniel Chapman (q. v.); Henry was the son of George W. Chapman, lieutenant in the United States Army, and Emily, daughter of John Markoe and granddaughter of Abraham Markoe, first captain of the Philadelphia City Troop. From his mother, as well as from his father's family, he inherited humor and sarcasm.
He was a pupil at J. W. Faires's well-known classical school and then entered the University of Pennsylvania to graduate in 1864. He next "crossed the campus" and matriculated in the medical department, with Addinell Hewson for preceptor, and with Joseph Leidy, Joseph Carson, R. A. F. Penrose, Henry H. Smith, Robert E. Rogers, Alfred Stillé and Francis Gurney Smith in the faculty. In 1867 he took his M. D. with a thesis on "Generation."
He entered the Pennsylvania Hospital, first as an assistant in the apothecary shop, and later as a resident physician, but in 1869 went to Europe for three years' study with Sir Richard Owen, London; Alphonse Milne Edward, Paris; Emile DuBois Raymond, Berlin; and Joseph Hyrtl, Vienna.
