FITTINGS-UP OF VILLA DWELLING-ROOMS. 1029 same satisfaction, and may even lead to accidents from leakage in the confined space of the crypt, where the principal part of the tubing is laid." 2056. Tke Heating of the Rooms of Villas embraces the general heating of the air of the house by a stove, or by a hot-water or steam apparatus, placed in the basement story, whence the heat ascends into every part of the house ; and the heating by open fires, or stoves of some kind, every particular room. We shall first notice a few of the plans for general heating, and afterwards give one or two designs for open fireplaces. 2057. Among Stores for general Heating, to be placed in the basement story, one of the most powerful is Mr. Sylvester's, as used in the Derby Infirmary, and fully descril)ed in his Philosophy of Domestic Economy. A substitute for this stove, which is employed in the large mansions built by jNIr. Thomas Cubitt, in the neighbourhood of Belgrave Square, London, is formed entirely of cast iron, cast in lengths, which fit into each other, without requiring screws or rivets, and which for the sake of durability, are upwards of an inch in thickness. The construction is simply a furnace, or closed fireplace, with an up- right flue which rises to the height of five or six feet above it ; then turns downwards as low as the level of the fireplace, and next turns up, and at a convenient height enters the chimney flue. A stove of this kind costs a good deal at first, but, being of great thickness, it is very durable, and retains a great body of heat. The fireplace being small, the iron is never so heated as to de- compose the water of the atmosphere ; and the whole is so strong, simple, and so easily managed, that it cannot be broken, or put out of repair by servants. One of the greatest objections to all new stoves, and other improvements which are to be managed by servants, is their liability to be injured or put out of order by them ; partly from their extreme ignorance of the nature of the ob- jects to be taken care of, but chiefly, we believe, from their carelessness, and that litter disregard for the interest of their em- ployers, which is the consequence of the great distance at which they are kept, and the manner in which they are treated ; evils which can only be cured by the universal diffusion of education, and the comparative equalisation of wealth. 'J058. The German Stove is one of the most economical wh ich can be used for general heating ; but it is troublesome to build or repair, in countries where the generality of bricklayers are un- accustomed to it. Ger- man stoves are re- markably well put up by a l,ondon stove- builder, Mr. Selane, Vauxhal Road, who has furnished us with the plan, fig. 1838, and the section, fig. 1839. In the former, a is the furnace ; b, the first column of smoke-flue which rises to the height of six or eight 1838
