152 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. a. which, having a stopcock at /), water may be admitted to n at pleasure ; and this water, by the pressure from that in the cistern, will speedily rise through the filter, m, to the space, o ; from which it may be drawn off by the cock, r. There is also a cock, s, for drawing off the water from n, when it is desired to clean the filter, which may be done by allowing the water from o to descend. It may be observed, that if at any time, there should be a deficiency of water in the cistern, k, water from any other source maybe filtered from the barrel, /, by the following means: — First, the filter, m, may be cleaned by pouring in water at the top of the cask through the funnel, t ; and afterwards water from the well, or any other source, may be poured^ into o, and drawn off by s for use, till the cistern, k, is again supplied from the roof. A wooden or copper bath may be placed in the wash-house; which maybe supplied with cold water from the filtering cask, or with hot water from the cistern over the oven, or from the washing and brewing boiler. The brewing utensils may also be deposited in this part of the building, and may be used in common. 306. A Drying- Closet, by another slight arrangement, might be formed over the oven ; all that is necessary for this purpose, being to have the cast-iron box containing the water, fig. 276, made rather larger than the bottom of the closet ; that part of the cover of _/z.^rx- h '■^--■I-5--¥x- 9---ii- 4- — the boiler which forms the bottom of the closet being made perfectly watertight, and the boiler having an exterior opening at a, for the purpose of supplying it with water, and to admit of the escape of steam when the water boils. The portion of the cover of the boiler which forms the bottom of the closet may have grooves, b hbb, cast in it, or riveted to it, or to a false bottom, at sis inches' distance from each other ; in which grooves may slide clothes-horses, to hold the clothes to be dried. There should be a large cock for draw- ing off the water at c ; and, from the side which will be placed next the wall, a conducting or outgoing tube, d, and a returning one, e, for the circulation of the hot water round the building. The upper surface of the outgoing pipe will be on a level with the floors of the rooms, and form part of them ; and the projections of three inches on each side of this pipe are pierced with holes, to permit the heat from the sides of the tubes to rise into the rooms. Over the grooved surface of the boiler a closet may be formed, five or six feet or more in height, three feet wide, and four or five feet long. This would admit of four clothes-horses standing side by side, at six inches apart ; and by a small opening in the bottom of the door (say half an inch in depth, and the whole of its width), with a corresponding opening in the ceiling of the closet at the opposite end, a current of air will be produced, which will rapidly convey away the moisture from the clothes. This arrangement would not in the least interfere either with baking in the oven, heating all the dwellings with hot water, or supplying hot water for ordinary uses, as the following figures will show : — Fig. 277 is the foundation plan of the wash-house, in which the oven, f, is i-etained in the same position as in fig. 267, but varied in size, and sunk lower ; p, shows the steps down to it ; and h is the area for fuel. Fig. 278 is a surface plan, showing the drying-chamber, i, over the oven, and the boiler for wash- ing and brewing, k. Fig. 279 is a section on the line A B, of the plans figs. 277 and 278, in which are shown the steps down to the oven, /; the hot-water box, in, .ind hot- air closet over it, n. Fig. 280 is a section of fig. 278 on the line C D, in which are shown the oven, o ; the hot-water box over it, ^>; the hot-air closet, ^ ; the opening under the door, r ; and the other opening near the ceiling, s. Fig. 28 1 is a section on the line E F of fig. 278, showing the front of the hot-wattr plate, t, the cock for drawing
