COTTAGE DWELLINGS IN VARIOUS STYLES. 231 hours afterwards, to whatever surrounds it. If the oven has a horizontal flue proceeding from it, either under the floor as in our model cottages, or above it as a bench in the German or Chinese manner, both to be hereafter described, the heat given out will be so much the o-reatcr. The occupiers of cottages have much to learn in respect to the best mode of consuming fuel, and economising heat : but to be taught this they must become readers ; or, we must have parochial discourses on economical subjects, as well as sermons on religious and moral duties. Design LXXV. — A Cottage in the Old English Manner, containing on the Ground Floor a Living-room, Kitchen, and other Conveniences, with Two Bed-rooms over, 462. Accommodation. From the front porch, fig. 407, a, the entrance is to a passage and staircase, which leads on the left to a living-room, h ; and on the right, to a kitchen, c ; from which there is a closet, or coal cellar, under the stairs. From the kit- chen there is a door to the dairy, d ; and another to a lobby, which leads to the water-closet, e ; and to the common entrance porch, /. There are a cow-liouse, g ; a pigsty, h ; and a place for hay and straw, i. The chamber floor, fig. 408, contains two t 1 408
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i2ox|io-o V-' 1 1 good bed-rooms, k and I ; one of which has a fireplace. 463. Construction. The walls are of brick nine tltions are of brick nogging flat. The roof is slated, and the chimney stacks are of brick set angularly. These angular chimneys are thus constructed : the shaft being finished square, as shown in fig. 409, an earthen- ware circular flue-pipe is placed over the opening of the chimney, and the square flue is made to unite smoothly with it, by being pargeted with mortar made of fresh lime and powdered brick. Bricks are then built round the upright pipe, leaving vacuities not filled up with mortar, in the four angles formed between the bricks and the pipe. As the work is raised in height, pipes are added ; the length of each pipe being two feet, and each having an outside rebate at one end, and an inside rebate at the other, so as to admit of a perfect junction. We inches thick, and 409 the par- may observe that the diameter of these pipes may be from nine to thirteen inches, according to the size of the fire- place below; and we shall show, in Book III. of this work, that by having tubes of this sort, of two feet, one foot, nine inches, and six inches, rebated as above, flues might be built in any direction, however crooked, which would require no climbing boy to sweep them, and would be attended, as we think, with all or most of the advantages of the circular flues of Hiort, Chadley, or Smith, at a comparatively trifling expense. Fig. 410 shows the plan of the projecting bricks set on edge, which form the dentils that support the capital of the shaft. Fig. 41 1 represents one of the chimney tops
