40 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. to Baltic timber ; what they call pine generally comes from America, and is of inferior quality), four inches and a half by three inches, and oak sills to all the external doors, with one inch and a half six-panelled bead, butt and square door (a door framed on one side without any moulding ; on the other the panel is flush with the stiles, and has a bead run on the edge, butting against the rails, fig. C4, m, m, m,) to the entrance, hung with three-inch butts (hinges, fig. C5) ; and one and a quarter inch proper ledged door (a proper ledged door has the boards planed, tongued into each other, see Index, and beaded ; they arc placed vertically, and nailed to horizontal pieces at the back, called ledges,) to the back kitchen, fuel-house, and privy, hung with sixteen-inch cross garnet hinges (a hinge with a bar, fig. 66) ; the whole to have Norfolk thumb latches (latches lifted by the thumb, fig. 67), and eight-inch rod bolts, fig. 68; and, except the privy, eight-inch fine plate stock locks (locks with a wooden back, or stock, fig. 69). The internal doors to be one inch and a quarter six-panelled, both sides square, with two inches and a half butt hinges, and six-inch iron rim brass knob locks, fig. 70. — Windows. To put an oak 65 solid two-light proper frame, three inches by two inches, with cast-iron casements, made to open with strong hinges, latches'and spring stay-irons (irons to keep the window open) to the back kitchen. — [We have shown in the elevation, sash windows, greatly preferring them to casements ; but as the object was to erect the building at as little cost as possible, case- ments were substituted in the scullery window, &c.] — The windows in the kitchen and bed-room to have deal cased frames (frames with wooden cases formed at the back of the pulley stiles for the sash weights to hang in) oak sunk sills (the upper part of the sill sunk, or grooved out, in order to prevent the |r7Tn — | QQ rain from driving under the sash) one inch and a half || ^ • ovolo sashes (the sash-bars with ovolo mouldings, fig. 71) ; double hung, with white lines, iron weights, and brass pulleys, with brass spring fastenings, fig. 72. All the windows to have inchwrought and rounded window boards, (a narrow shelf in the interior at the bottom of the sash, fig. 73, n,) with three quarters of an inch splayed lining and soflSts, 0, with ogee mouldings, and fillets on the edge, p. The doors also inside to have one inch and a quarter single rebated jamb linings, with mouldings to match. To put inch clamped (cross-headed, q) folding shutters, with rule joints (joints like those of the common foot rule), and proper hinges to the window, with iron bar fastenings. To put three quarters of an inch square 68 skirting, (a skirting-board n-^ ii T< "^ ^ without any moulding at top), <J> four inches high, fig. 74, in the bed-room, with inch narrow bevelled grounds (slips of wood to fix the skirting to, having the upper edge bevelled back, in order to retain the margin of the plaster, fig. 75, r), plugged ©PI I ©_ 9 " Q 9 IU_ 69 a to the walls (nailed to plugs of wood driven into the walls). To put an inch deal seat riser (the front board on edge), and bearers (cross pieces), with water board hole and a cover, to the privy, and three quarters of an inch skirting at back of the seat, six inches high.— [We have before, in Chapter I., recommended a hinged flap, or lid, in addition to the round cover which fits into the hole, with a view the more completely to exclude smell ; an object which ought, if possible, to be effected, at whatever cost. For this reason, we would always recommend the introduction of a 71 ir smooth earthenware basin, with a tube, which may reach down into the soil, under the seat,
