INTERIOR FINISHING OF FARM HOUSES. 655 III Northumberland and Berwickshire, the kitchen fireplaces are fitted up in a very economical manner, so as to supersede, in many cases, the necessity of hav- ing a back-kitchen ; a plan, however, not favour- able to cleanliness, essen- tial requisites for which are space and separation. The jambs or sides of the fuel-chamber are built of a kind of stone which resists fire, or of fire- brick. One cast-iron grat- ing, fig. 1252, is built in as a bottom, and another grating, fig. 1253, is let into the stone at both ends as a front. On one side in ~~ the masonry is built in a cylindrical cast-iron oven, seen in fig. 1254 ; and in the other is built an open boiler, generally, also, of cast iron, with a wooden cover, and separated from the fuel-chamber by an upright plate of stone or iron, coved behind, and 1252 1253 arched over at top, as shown in the figure. Beneath the oven, and beneath and around the boiler or pot, as it is called in those counties, flues are formed opening from the fuel- chamber, as shown in the section, fig. 1255, in which a is the opening or commence- 1254 1255 ment of the flue of the oven ; b, the front grate ; c, the bottom grate ; and d, the throat of the chimney. This forms the cheapest description of efficient kitchen range that we know of for a farm house ; and, for a country where the fuel is coal, and abundant, it answers every purpose. A somewhat better kitchen range is formed by employing what is called a standard grate, fig. 1256, the upper bar of which lets down at pleasure by lifting up the catch, e, in fig. 1257. In this section, /is the bottom grate let into the stone at g ; h, the flue of the oven or boiler ; and i, the tie l)ar of the standard grate, which, being let into the stone at k, keeps it from falling forward. There are cast-iron kitchen grates suitable for farm houses, manufactured in large quantities at the Shotts iron-
