670 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. consumed, or turned to manure, in a temporary cattle-yard on the spot. Hand threshing- machines have been constructed of various kinds ; but they have never yet given much satisfaction. On small farms, however, a machine of this kind, requiring less skill to use it tiian the common flail, must be a considerable advantage, since a thresher is paid higher wages than a common labourer. A design for a liaiid threshing-machine is given in the Transactions of the Highland Society of Scotland, vol. viii. p. 262 ; where it is observed, that, the labour required to move these machines being very considerable, it has been found that the laboui-ers employed on them must be relieved at intervals. This is thought to be the reason why these machines have not been so generally adopted, in the smallest class of farms, as might at first view be supposed. To diminish this labour, it is recommended to confine the operation of the machine to the beating out the "•rain by the action of a revolving drum or roller, and not to attempt separating the grain from the straw, or winnowing it. 1402. The other Machines, Implements, and Utensils of a Barn are, the winnowing, machine, now brought to great perfection ; the barley-chopper, or hummelling-maehine, or which is sometimes substituted the implement, fig. 1289, which costs 8s. ; the smut- machine, shovels, forks, rakes, sieves, a sack-weigher, a sack-carrier, and a bushel and other measures, according to the locality or country. A very ingenious tub lor measuring and weighing corn has been invented by our esteemed contributor, llr. Taylor ; it has been in use for some time at the Whittington malt-houses, near tstoke Ferry, Norfolk, and will be found Hgured and descriV)ed in the Gardeners Magazine, vol. viii. p. 466. All the other machines and implements required by the British agri- culturist will be found in our Enci/c. ofAgr., 2d edit. 1403. Among the Farmery Fixtures and Furniture, which may be placed in the cliatt- house, the steaming-house, store-house, foddering-bay, or cattle-food house, may be enumerated the oat-crusher, bone-crusher, the turnip-cutter, the straw-cutter, and the portable corn mill. All or any of these, and several others, might be placed in a building adjoining the threshing-macliine, and, as already mentioned, § 1223, might be driven by the same machinery. Our correspondent, Mr. Thorokl, has sent us a drawing of an oat-crusher, fig. 1290, which he manufactures, and sells at £8 : 8s. ; he has also
