672 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. 1291 requisite speed to the millstones ; the spur-wheel has wooden cogs, and the pinions iron cogs neatly pitched and trimmed. The pinions are hung upon cones attached to the stone spindles, and may be thrown out of gear by a ring attached to a lever and rack- work, not shown in the figure. When it is intended to drive the mill by wind, tiie upright shaft of the spur-wheel is continued upwards until it reaches the cap-works of the windmill ; when it is to be driven by steam, a mitre-wheel is fixed on the upright shaft just above the spur-wheel, which is intersected by another mitre-wheel hung on the fly-wheel shaft of the steam-engine. When driven by water, a similar arrange- ment is made, with different speed, to assimilate with the speed of the first mover. The slip brasses of the stone spindles pass through bored boxes, so as to be free from shaking ; they then rest upon a steelyard connected with a screw which serves to adjust the millstones at the pleasure of the miller. These, with the spouts and meal-troughs, are omitted in the figure, for the sake of showing the wheel-work, the wliole of which forms a complete and substantial piece of machinery. In this machine, mitre-wheels may be attached to the upright shaft, so as to adapt it for a steam-engine ; which might also drive the threshing-machine of the farm." 1405. The FiUings-up of the Boiling and Steaming Hcuse are exceedingly simple to Those who know any thing of steam. We shall give as an example, an apparatus invented ))y Mr. David Liddell, junior, and described in the Highland Society's Transactions. It consists of a furnace, and cast-iron boiler containing about sixty gallons, fig. 129'2, a, " furnished with a safety-valve, to render it secure from danger, even in the hands of the most ignorant person. This boiler is intended to supply warm water for any domestic purpose, as well as steam, the water being drawn oft' by a cock in the lower part of it. The boiler is supplied with water from a cistern, b, placed five or six feet higher than the boiler. This cistern may contain about thirty gallons, and, when filled, requires no further attention, as the boiler regulates its supply of water, by means of a float in the inside of the boiler, attached to a valve in the cistern, which contains as much water as will boil ten hundredweight of potatoes. The two casks, c and d, are for holding the produce to be steamed. They contain about three hundredweight each. The steam is conducted from the boiler to them by a pipe (one-inch) branching off to eacli by stopcocks. As many casks as may be necessary for the supply of food m.ay be attached in the same way. Tiie casks are furnished with sliding hatches in the bottom, for taking out the food when ready, and are raised as far from the ground as will allow a trough,
