696 COTTAGE, FARM, AND VILLA ARCHITECTURE. to point to the articles required, was fixed up in the cofFee-roora or in the bar, and was united by wires and machinery with a corresponding dial in the kitchen. The move- ment of the hands being sympathetic, orders were thus communicated from the one to the other, a bell being previously rung to direct attention. Speaking pipes, howevei, are much better adapted for this purpose, though either can seldom be wanted in a country inn. A bell to the kitchen, another to the stables, a third for the waiter, and a fourth for the chambermaid, are indispensable in the bars of large inns; but in small ones, a bell for the hostler, and anotlier for the head waiter, are deemed sufficient. 1457. Rising Ciipboai-cls. There is a contrivance, in some coffee-houses in London, for sending up articles fiom the kitchen to the bar, or to any other upper room, in a vertical tube or trunk. This is effected in two ways. The first is by a single box, or cupboard, suspended by a cord and pulleys, and balanced by a weight, as in fig. 1.'527, in which a is the box or cupboard, with a shelf in the middle ; b b, two pulleys, over which the cord passes which is attached to the lid of the box at one end, and to tlie mass of iron, c, of equivalent weight, at the other ; d is a wooden rod, attached by a piece of cord, or two or three links of a chain, to a staple in the bottom of the box, by which the person in the kitchen below pulls it down, or pushes it up ; e is the top of the counter of the bar; andy the surface of the bar floor. In some cases the cupboard is balanced by two weights, one on each side, when the centre pulley becomes unnecessary, and the top of the cupboard, on which articles may be placed, rises to the level of the surface of the counter, or of any table to which the apparatus may be affixed, so as to appear a part of 1328 1327 it. Bv the second mode there are two cupboards, 6g. 1S2S, ^g, which balance each otlier, and are attached by cords, fastened to staples in the exterior surfaces of the tops and bottoms of each cupboard. These cords run on the two cast-iron wheels, A /;, each of which is about twcntv inches in diameter, and the cupboards are so p aced as that, when one is at the top of the trunk, or place of delivery, i, the other is at the bottom, or pl-.ce of reception, Ic. In order that the cupboards may move up and down with pertect case and steadiness, two beads or fillets are nailed on each of (heir exterior sides, as ,n fiT is^q at //• and grooves arc formed in the sides of the trunk, by fillets nailid on, as
