VILLAS IN VARIOUS STYLES. 943 readily received, when it is remembered that men of no less celebrity than Inigo Jones and Sir Christopher Wren exhibited the most miserable failures, whenever they attempted Pointed Architecture : and it is, therefore, evident, that nothing short of an entire devotion of mind can insure an adequate command of the style ; a style which must necessarily be profound in its principles, to stand, as it does, supreme in its effects. Design XXII. — A Villa in the Gothic Style. 1908. Situation and Accommodation. This villa is supposed to be placed on the summit of a knoll, in a country rather flat than otherwise. For this reason, the general 1645 outline against the sky is rendered more irregular than it would be in a country where the surface was greatly diversified. As the building is supposed to be viewed on every side, and to have no immediate background of either wood or hills, the different projec- tions in the sides, as well as the sky outline, are calculated to produce a picturesque effect from every point of view. The basement on which the whole is intended to be placed, should be raised and supported by an architectural terrace, irregular in the plan, and displaying projections corresponding, for the most part, to those of the building. Tliis terrace should not be less than three feet above the surface of the adjoining grounds, and on the entrance front there should be an inclined plane, by which carriages may ascend to the porch. The terrace wall should be finished with battlements at the more enriched parts of the garden front ; and it may be finished with a plain parapet and coping on the entrance front. Fig. 1 646 is the elevation ; fig. 1 645 is the ground plan. In this last, a is the porch ; h, hall ; c, dining-room ; d, breakfast-room ; e, drawing . room ; f, library ; g, picture gallery, serving also as a billiard-room ; h, principal staircase; i, boudoir; k, ante-room; /, archway to the garden scenery; m, passage, a* the end of which is the bell turret ; n, lobby ; o, ante-room ; p, back stairs ; and q, open screens. The dotted lines indicate the manner of finishing the different ceilings. Some of these (^for example, the porches and the octagon boudoir) indicate groined ceilings ; but the square and parallelogram plans contain lines which indicate the mode of finish- ing by panels between oak beams, familiar to every one who has seen an old Gothic dining-hall in any of our colleges or inns of court. Tlie domestic ofiices are in the basement ; there is one story over the principal floor for bed rooms for the family, and an attic story for the sleeping-rooms of the servants. 1909- Construction. Fig. 1647 is an elevation of the hall door. Fig. 1648 shows
