APPENDAGES TO VILLAS. <jt)3 the result, but, whatever it oiay be, it will have pretensions to being a whole. Italian Architecture, on the other hand, is characterised by irregularity, by strong contrasts, and by other painter-like effects. The whole, which is the result of this style, is of a more refined kind ; it is addressed to a more highly cultivated taste ; and to produce it requires a much higher degree of talent, than to compose in any species of regular Architecture. No Architect, therefore, ought to attempt the Italian style, who has not studied the com- position of landscape scenery generally. If we were to look out for a young Architect to design an edifice in the Italian style we should first show him a landscape, and ask him to analyse it ; and next we should show him a view of an Italian building, and ask him to point out the causes of its beauty. From the Design before us, and the excellent illustrations of the details of Italian Arcihtecture which accompany it, it will be evident to our readers that Mr. Lamb is an artist of first-rate merit in this style. One great recommendation of the Italian manner in our eyes is, that, from the cheap nature of its finishing and decorations, it is suited to a people in moderate circumstances — to a democracy. Another is, that, from the irregularity of its masses, which admit of a house receiving additions in every direction, it is suited to a prosperous and improving people, — such as the Americans. Chap. IV. Designs for Appendages to Villas, 1934. All the Architectural Appendages of a Villa should obviously partake of the character of the house ; not only in point of general effect, but in proportionate dimen- sions, and in architectural style. This is a leading principle ; to which, however, there may sometimes be exceptions, arising from local circumstances. For example, we see no sufficient reason for laying it down as an absolute rule, that a Grecian or a Gothic villa should never have a simple cottage for a lodge ; as situations and circumstances may occur where such a deviation from the usual practice may become desirable. Neither do we see why a Gothic house should have no bridges but what have pointed arches ; that form being, in flat situations, unsuitable for a bridge, on account of the rise it re- quires in the road over it. Unity of architectural style with the house is, however, essential in all those buildings which are in its immediate vicinity ; or where they are seen before a view is obtained of the house, and where a marked and different style would create false expectations in the spectator as to that of the principal object. In garden buildings, which are presented as specimens of Architecture, of course all styles may be admitted, because the whole there may be considered as an architectural museum. We shall submit a few designs for, and observations upon, stables, riding-houses, dog-kennels, ornamental dairies and poultry-houses, aviaries and menageries, architectural conserva- tories, terraces, parapets and other mural ornaments, ornamental garden buildings, and entrance lodges and gates. Sect. I. Stable Offices. 1935. The Situation of the Stable Offices of a villa, and various other particulars, respecting them, have already been noticed in the first and second chapters of this Book ; and we shall, therefore, confine ourselves, in the present section, to describing one or two designs. 1936. Stable Offices for Beau Ideal Villa. Fig. 1699 is the elevation of the stables intended for Beau Ideal Villa, as contributed by Selim, and revised by Charles Barry, Esq. ; and fig. 1 700 is the ground plan, which is supposed by Selim to contain adequate accommodation for the horses and caniages, &c. , of the occupant of such a house. ( See § 1715 to § 1720.) — All the manure from these stables is wheeled every morning into the dung-yard, u, and thrown into a large pit, where it remains till taken away for hot- beds by the gardener; the walls of the melon ground forming the N.E. boundary of the dung j-ard. The liquid manure from all the stables is conducted through drains to a tank, from which it may be pumped up into barrels, and conveyed to the farm. Stacks of wood for fuel, stacks of litter, and various articles for the gardens, stables, and kitchen court, may also be placed here. Over all the stables and coach-houses are lofts for containing hay, drawn straw for litter, and corn ; with close-jointed floors, so as to prevent the dust from dropping through on the horses. The corn is let down by a funnel, fig. 1701, a, connected with a square tube or shoot, 6 ; this shoot has two sliding stoppers, the handles of which are seen at c and d ; and the space between the slides being ad- justed so as to hold a feed, any quantity is readily measured out. When tliis is doi.e.
