Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/345

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verbal abstract from schreiten; in OHG. also scriti-mâl, -mëȥ.

schroff, adj., ‘rugged, rough, steep,’ ModHG. only, allied to MidHG. schrof (v), schroffe, schrove, m., ‘rocky cliff, stone wall’; allied to early MidHG. schruffen, ‘to split,’ OHG. scrëvôn, ‘to cut into’ (scrëvanga, ‘incision’), MidHG. schraf, ‘rocky cliff,’ AS. scrœf, ‘cave.’

schröpfen, vb., ‘to crop young wheat, tap (trees), cup,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schrępfen, schręffen; comp. AS. scrëpan, ‘to scratch’; also LG. schrappen, prop. an intensive form. The prim. meaning of the Teut. root skrëp is ‘to scratch, cut into’ (to this scharf is allied?). Ital. scaraffare, ‘to snatch away,’ is borrowed from HG.

Schrot, n., ‘block, log of wood, shot, groats,’ from MidHG. schrôt, m., ‘cut, incision, piece cut or sawed off,’ OHG. scrôt, ‘cut’; allied to schroten, MidHG. schrôten, OHG. scrôtan, ‘to hew, cut, cut off, hack to pieces,’ MidHG. also ‘to cut out clothes’ (whence schrôtœre, ‘tailor,’ and the proper name Schröter), ‘to roll, revolve.’ Comp. Scand. skrjôðr, ‘torn book,’ AS. screádian, ‘to cut,’ E. to shred, to which also AS. scrûd, ‘dress,’ E. shroud, are allied. Root skrū̆d from skrū̆t?. With this is connected Lat. scrûtari, ‘to examine,’ to which AS. scrudnian and OHG. scrotôn, ‘to examine,’ are allied?. ModHG. Hornschröter, ‘horn-beetle,’ from MidHG. schrœtel, lit. ‘gnawer.’

schrötig, in ein verschrötiger Baum, ‘a tree from which four posts can be made,’ early ModHG. only, is probably connected with OHG. viorscôȥȥi, ‘four-cornered’; comp. MidDu. vierscoot, ‘square-built, thick-set,’ earlier LG. vierschötig, ‘four-cornered’; comp. Schoß (3).

schrubben, vb., ‘to scrub, rough-plane,’ ModHG. only, from LG.; comp. Du. schrobben, ‘to scour,’ E. (borrowed) to scrub. Probably connected with schrappen.

Schrulle, f., ‘freak, whim,’ early ModHG. only, allied to Du. schrollen, ‘to revile, be discontented.’

schrumpfen, vb., ‘to shrink, shrivel, crumble,’ from MidHG. schrimpfen, ‘to wrinkle’; allied probably to E. shrimp, Du. schrompelen, Swed. skrumpa, Dan. skrumpe (E. scrimp). Besides the Teut. root skrimp contained in these cognates there is also an equiv. Teut. root rimp (see rümpfen), krimp (comp. Du. krimpen, AS. crimpan, ‘to shrivel’), as well as skrink, in AS. sčrincan, E. to shrink.

Schrunde, f., ‘cleft, gap, crevice,’ from MidHG. schrunde, f., ‘rift, notch, rocky cave’; comp. the equiv. OHG. scrunta, scruntunna, Allied to OHG. scrintan, MidHG. schrinden, ‘to burst, fly open, crack.’ Teut. root skrend, from Pre-Teut. skrent; comp. Lith. skrentu (skręsti), ‘to form into a crust.’

Schub, m., ‘shove, push, thrust,’ from MidHG. schup, m.; allied to schieben.

schüchtern, adj., ‘shy, timid, bashful,’ early ModHG. only, allied to scheu, root skuh (skeuh)?. It may be connected even with the abnormal OHG. skihtîg, ‘shy,’ but we must assume the influence of MidHG. schiuhen on the stem vowel; see scheu.

Schuft, m., ‘wretch, rascal, scamp,’ ModHG. only, formed from LG. schuft, Du. schoft, which is usually derived from LG. schuf ût, ‘thrust out’; comp. Du. schavuit, ‘rascal,’ lit. ‘scrape out’; hence Schuft, lit. ‘offscouring’?.

Schuh, m., ‘shoe,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schuoch (h), OHG. scuoh, m.; a common Teut. word; comp. the equiv. OSax. skôh, Du. schoen, AS. sčęôh, E. shoe, OIc. skór, Goth. skôhs, m., which point to primit. Teut. skôha-, skôhwa-, from pre-Teut. *skõqos. A pre-Teut. verbal root skē̆q (skō̆q) appears in Goth. skêwjan, OIc. skœ́va, ‘to go,’ and in schicken; hence Schuh, ‘walking gear’?. See further Schuster.

Schuhu, m., ‘horned owl,’ ModHG. only, borrowed from Fr. chouette (Ital. ciovetta), ‘screech-owl,’ and influenced by Uhu, ‘horned owl.’

Schuld, f., ‘debt, crime, guilt,’ from MidHG. schult (d) and schulde. OHG. sculd, sculda, f., ‘obligation, debt, culpability, sin’; comp. OSax. sculd, f., ‘debt, culpability, sin’; AS. sčyld, ‘guilt, sin.’ An old verbal abstract from the root skal, which appears also in Lith. skolà, ‘guilt,’ skìlti, ‘to get into debt,’ and skelěti, ‘to be indebted,’ as well as in Pruss. skallisnan, ‘duty’; Lat. scelus does not appear to be connected with it.

Schule, f., ‘school,’ from MidHG. schuole, f., ‘school, university,’ OHG. scuola, f., ‘school’; comp. Du. school, AS. scôl (scôlu), E. school (OIc. skôle, ‘school,’ is of E. origin). Borrowed at the same period as the ecclesiastical words from Lat. scôla, as pronounced in Rom. scôla (with regard to Lat. ŏ see prüfen); comp. Brief, Dom, and Priester. —

Schüler, m., ‘scholar, pupil,’ MidHG. schuolœre, OLG. scuolâri.