Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the Norn Language in Shetland Part I.pdf/606

See further under †hwuml (and kuml), vb.

kwag¹ [*kwāg], sb., a) a round cake or large dumpling, kneaded together with chopped fish-livers and boiled; liver-hwags [hwāgs]: Skelbre, Lunn.; b) in pl.: (liver-) kwags, two flat and somewhat cup-shaped cakes made of oat- or barley-meal, baked with fish-livers between (Wh. and Sk. occas.: hwags). In Sk. also (in pl.) of two split, young coalfishes, pilteks, grilled with kneaded fish-livers and meal between, otherwise called “liver-pilteks”, and “liver-boats”. — The word is only noted down in the form hwag [hwāg] on Easts. (L., Wh., Sk.), where the pronunc. hw generally replaces kw. — Originally doubtless cake, O.N. kaka, f., “liver-kwag” in sense 1 = Fær. livur-køka (Fær. “køka” from O.N. kaka, acc., gen., dat.: kǫku). The form kwag (hwag) for *kag may be analogically formed after an older *kwog (*hwog), arising by diphthongation from *kog- in acc., gen., dat. (O.N. kǫku). w might, however, be due to infl. from v in the preceding “liver”.

kwag² [*kwāg], kwaga [*kwāga] and kwak [*kwāk], sb., stir, commotion, in the sea, dash of the waves (esp. in calm weather before wind or change of wind when it is veering), a k. i’ de sea; noted down in the forms a) hwag [hwāg]: Y^h.; b) hwaga [hwāga, χwāga]: Y^h. [hw- (χw-)]; Nm^w. [χw-], and c) hwak, hwach [(hwāk) hwāχ]: Du. — *kvak- (quake). Cf. the use of No. kvakla, vb., l-derivative of *kvak-, appl. to waves: to crest and break in meeting; to splash, ripple. The change k > g in hwag(a) together with the ā-sound indicates the word to be old in Shetl., and not directly to be derived from Eng. quake. — A form kwak, hwak [hwak] (Nm.),

a quaking, quivering, violent motion (up and down), appl. to soft, marshy ground, quagmire, “de grund is a’ [‘all’] in a hwak”, may, on the other hand, be Eng. quake.

kwak¹ [kwāk], vb., 1) to quiver, quake. 2) a) to creep, of a number of small, creeping animals, esp. maggots, mites; b) to swarm, esp. of maggots, mites; de midden hwaks [hwāks] wi’ mids [mɩ̄ds] or meds [mēds], the dunghill swarms with maggots (Easts.). — *kvaka, prop. to be alive or in motion, to move, cognate with *kvika (O.N. kvikna, vb., to quicken, come to life). The word is hardly to be derived directly from Eng. quake. See kwag², sb.

kwak², [kwāk], vb., to quack, esp. of ducks; de duke [‘duck’] kwaks. C. The long a-sound indicates an origin from O.N. kvaka, vb., to chatter; quack; twitter (of birds); cf. Sw. dial. kvaka, vb., to quack.

kwakk, sb. and vb., see hwekk (hwakk), sb. and vb.

kwal¹, sb., see hwal, sb.

kwal² [kwāl], sb., abatement of wind; a lull in rough weather, or in a storm; he is a k. i’ de wadder [‘weather’], kw-: Wests. and Conn. hwal [hwāl]: Easts. and N.I. uncommon. Edm.: quaal. — No. and O.Da. kvale, m., a light slumber, a swoon. See hwil(d) and dwal(i), sbs.

kwal [kwāl], vb., appl. to wind: to abate, to calm. Also hwal [hwāl]. uncommon. Edm.: quaal. *kval-. See further under the preceding word.

kwamm, sb., see hwamm, sb.

kwangi [kwaŋgi, hwaŋgi], sb., a non-prolific ram (Papa), see further under kwingi, sb.

kwar, indef. pron., adv., see hwar.

kwark, sb., the throat, narrow pass; see kwerk, sb.

kwarl-, see hwarl-.

kwarm, sb., see hwarm, sb.