SUYDAM, James Augustus (si'-dam), artist, b. in New York, 27 March, 1819 ; d. in North Conway, N. H., 15 Sept., 1865. His first instructor was Miner K. Kellogg, with whom he travelled through Greece and Turkey. Later, after his return to the United States, he studied also with Asher B. Durand and John P. Kensett. He was elected an honorary member of the National academy in 1858, and an academician in 1861. When the building of the academy was projected he took an active part in its construction. He held office in the academy until his death, and bequeathed to it the " Suydam Collection " of pictures, besides a large sum of money. He was quite successful in his coast views. Among his works are " View on Long Island " and " Hook Mountain on the Hudson " (1863).
SUYDAM, John Howard, clergyman, b. in
Brooklyn, N. Y., 1 Oct., 1832. He was graduated
at Rutgers in 1854, and at the Theological seminary
of the Reformed church in New Brunswick, N. J.,
in 1857, and was ordained by the classis of Pough-
keepsie. He was settled as pastor at Pishkill in
1857-'62, and in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1862-'9, and
since 1869 has been in Jersey City. He has been
president of the board of superintendents of the
New Brunswick theological seminary and of the
general synod of the Reformed church. He re-
ceived the degree of D. D. from Rutgers in 1882.
In addition to sermons, he has published " The
Cruger Family " (Philadelphia, 1864) ; " Cruel Jim "
(1870); and" The Wreckmaster" (1871).
SUZOR, Louis T., Canadian author, b. in Low-
er Canada in 1834 ; d. in Quebec, 18 Aug., 1866.
He was a lieutenant-colonel, and had been deputy
assistant adjutant-general of militia in Canada at
the time of his death. He published "Aide-memoire
du carabinier volontaire " (Quebec, 1862) ; " Ta-
bleaux synoptique des mouvements d'une com-
pagnie" (1863); "Tableaux synoptic des evolu-
tions de bataillon " (1863) ; " Exercices et evolu-
tions d'inf anterie " (1863) ; " Code militaire " (1864) ;
Maximes, conseils et instructions sur l'art de la
guerre " (1865) ; " Guide theorique et pratique des
manoeuvres de l'infanterie " (1865) ; and " Traite
d'art et d'histoire militaires " (1865).
SWAIM, David Gaskill, soldier, b. in Salem,
Columbiana co., Ohio, 22 Dec, 1834. He was edu-
cated at Salem academy, studied law, and after
admission to the bar in 1858 began practice in Sa-
lem. At the beginning of the civil war he left a
prosperous law-practice and entered the National
service, being commissioned 2d lieutenant in 1861,
and 1st lieutenant, 4 Nov., 1861, in the 65th Ohio
regiment. He was promoted to captain and as-
sistant adjutant-general, 16 May, 1862, and en-
gaged in the battles of Shiloh, Murfreesboro',
and Perryville. He was in Washington, D. C.,
till December, 1862, was assistant adjutant-gen-
eral on the staff of Gen. William S. Rosecrans and
Gen. George Thomas till November, 1863, and was
present at Chickamauga, where he was wounded,
and at Missionary Ridge. From January till Octo-
ber, 1864, he was on mustering duty at Wilming-
ton, Del., and afterward, till September, 1866, was
assistant adjutant-general, Department of Missouri.
He was brevetted major, lieutenant-colonel, and
colonel for faithful and meritorious services during
the war, and appointed 2d lieutenant in the 34th
U. S. infantry, 28 July, 1866, was promoted major
and judge-advocate, 9 Dec, 1869, and became
judge-advocate-general of the army with the rank
of brigadier-general, 18 Feb., 1881. In 1884 he
was court-martialed on various charges and suspended for ten years. He was the intimate friend
and companion of President Garfield.
SWAIN, David Lowry, governor of North
Carolina, b. in Asheville, Buncombe co., N. C, 4
Jan., 1801 ; d. in Chapel Hill, N. C, 3 Sept., 1868.
After receiving his education at the University of
North Carolina he studied law, was admitted to
the bar in 1823, and practised in Raleigh. In 1824
he was elected to the legislature, and in 1831 he
was appointed a judge of the state supreme court.
From 1832 till 1835 he was governor of North
Carolina, being the youngest man to fill that office.
He was elected president of the University of North
Carolina in 1835 and filled this post until his death,
contributing effectively to the improvement of the
institution. In 1865 he was invited by President
Andrew Johnson to advise with him regarding the
reconstruction of the Union. The degree of LL. D.
was conferred on him by Princeton in 1841, and
by Yale in 1842. He wrote many valuable histori-
cal papers, and published " The British Invasion
of North Carolina in 1776 " in the " North Carolina
University Magazine," for May, 1853, which was
afterward included in a volume of lectures, en-
titled " Revolutionary History of North Carolina "
(New York, 1853).
SWAIN, James Barrett, editor, b. in New
York city, 30 July, 1820. He learned the printing
business with Horace Greeley, with whom he was a
partner in the publication of the " Log Cabin " in
1840, and in 1838-'9 was private secretary to Henry
Clay. In 1843-'9 he was editor of the " Hudson
River Chronicle " in Sing-Sing, serving also as clerk
of the state-prison there in 1848-'9. He was city
editor of the New York " Tribune " in 1850, of
the " Times" in 1851-2, editor of the "American
Agriculturist " in 1852, a political contributor to
the " Times " in 1853-9, and its Washington cor-
respondent in 1860-1. He was also editor of the
"Free State Advocate" (a campaign paper pub-
lished in New York in 1856 by the National Repub-
lican committee), of the Albany " Daily Statesman "
from 1857 till 1861, and again of the " Hudson River
Chronicle" from 1876 till 1885. He was a railroad
commissioner for New York state in 1855-'7, 1st
lieutenant in the 1st U. S. cavalry and also colo-
nel of the 1st U. S. volunteer cavalry in 1861-'4,
engineer-in-chief of the National guard of New
York in 1865-'6, U. S. weigher in 1867-'70, and
post-office inspector in 1881-5. Mr. Swain is the
author of " Life and Speeches of Henry Clay " (2
vols., New York, 1842 ; 3d ed., 1848) ; " Historical
Notes to a Collection of the Speeches of Henry
Clay" (2 vols., 1843); and "Military History of
the State of New York " (3 vols., 1861-'5).
SWAINSON, William, English naturalist, b.
in Liverpool, England, 8 Oct., 1789; d. in New
Zealand in 1855. He served in the commissary
department of the British army in 1807-15, trav-
elled in South America in the latter year, and, re-
turning to London, devoted himself to the study
of natural history. In 1841 he emigrated to New
Zealand, where he published works on the natural
history and social and political condition of that
country and Tasmania. He published numerous
works, including " Ornithologipal Drawings of
Birds from Mexico and Brazil" (1831-41), and as-
sisted Sir John Richardson in the account of North
American birds in his " Fauna Boreali Americana "
(4 vols., London, 1829-'37).
SWAN, Caleb, soldier, b. in Maine; d. in Washington, D. C, 20 Nov., 1809. He became an ensign in the 4th Massachusetts Continental infantry, 26 Nov., 1779, and was afterward transferred to the 8th infantry, which in 1784 became part of the 1st American regiment of infantry. On 8 May, 1792, he was appointed paymaster-general of the U. S.
