resume command of the naval defences of Georgia. At his request a court of inquiry was ordered to investigate the destruction of the •' Merrimac," and he was censured for destroying the vessel without attacking the enemy's fleet, and for not taking her to Hog island to defend the James river. He then demanded a regular court-martial, which met at Richmond, 5 July, 18(52, and, after a thorough in- vestigation, honorably acquitted him. He was indefatigable in his efforts to defend Savannah river, but in January, 1865, he was obliged to de- stroy all the vessels he had collected. He then went to Augusta, where he was included in the parole of the surrender of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army. He remained there until 12 June, 1866, when he took his family to Nova Scotia, after first obtaining permission from the war department to leave the country. He resided near Halifax, but his pecun- iary resources became nearly exhausted, and in 1870 he returned to his home in quest of employ- ment. On 5 Jan., 1870, the mayor and city council appointed him inspector of the port of Savannah. He held this office, which had been created for him, for seventeen months, when it was abolished by his death. See " The Life of Commodore Tatt- nall," by Charles C. Jones, assisted by J. R. F. Tattnall, the commodore's son (Savannah, 1878).
TAUSTE, Francisco (tah-oo'-stay), Spanish
missionary,!), in Tauste, Aragon, about 1630; d.
in Venezuela toward the end of the 17th century.
He entered the Capuchin order in Spain, and was
sent as a missionary to the coast of Cumana, where
he soon became proficient in the Indian languages
of that province, and evangelized numerous tribes.
He wrote " Arte y Diccionario de la Lengua de
Cumana" (Madrid, 1680), and, according to Juan
de San Antonio, in his " Biblioteca Franciscana,"
left in manuscript " Doctrina Cristiana para in-
struccion de los Indios Chaimas, Cumanagotas,
Cores y Parias, en sus respectivos Idiomas."
TAVARES-BASTOS, Aureliano Candido (tah-vah'-ravs), Brazilian lawyer, b. in Pernambuco in 1840 ; d.* in Nice, France, 3 Dec, 1875. After finishing his studies he was admitted to the bar of
his native city, and soon attained prominence as
an able and eloquent orator. He was counsel for
several political prisoners, advocated religious free-
dom with great vehemence, and participated in the
movement that led to the abolition of slavery
throughout the empire. He was a member of the
Brazilian parliament in 1872, but his health failing
he went to Nice, where he died. His works in-
clude " Cartas de um solitario " (Rio Janeiro, 1865) ;
" O valle do rio Amazonas " (1869) ; " Estudos sobre
algumas reformacOes legislativas " (1870) ; and sev-
eral political pamphlets.
TAYERNIER, Jacques (tah-vair-ne-ay), called
Le Lyonnais, French buccaneer, b. in Lyons,
France, about 1625 ; d. in Havana, Cuba, in 1673.
He early followed the sea, served on privateers in
the Gulf of Mexico, and later joined the buccaneers
in Tortugas. He took part in most of the expe-
ditions under the leadership of Laurent van Graaf,
Grand mount, Jacques Nau, Pierre le Pieard, Henry
Morgan, and other famous chiefs, but never com-
manded a strong following, as he was unable to
read and write. After 1664, however, he was the
owner of the ship " La Perle," carrying twelve can-
nons, and he made some daring inroads on the coasts
of Venezuela, Panama, Cuba, and even Mexico. He
assisted at the capture of Maracaibo in 1666, and
of Porto Cabello in 1667, was with Morgan at
Panama in 1671, and later ravaged with Bradley
the Bay of Honduras. On returning from the last
expedition he fell in with two Spanish men-of-war ;
a desperate battle ensued, and one of the Spanish
ships took fire and was obliged to head for the
coast. Tavernier and his buccaneers boarded the
other vessel and had nearly captured it, when a
sudden storm parted the cables that lashed the two
vessels together. The buccaneers retreated in great
haste to their ship, but a few, including the chief,
were unable to regain it, as the two vessels parted.
The fight continued, nevertheless, for some time on
board the Spanish vessel, but Tavernier being
severely wounded, the buccaneers, deprived of their
chief, lost courage and were finally overcome.
Tavernier was brought nearly dying to Havana,
where he was immediately executed before the
palace of the audiencia.
TAYLOR, Alexander Smith, ethnologist, b. in
Charleston, S. C, 16 April, 1817 ; d. near Santa Bar-
bara. Cal., 27 July, 1876. He received a limited
education, left Charleston in 1837, travelled for
several years in the West Indies and in India and
China, went to California from Hong Kong in 1848,
and lived at Monterey till 1860, where he was clerk
of the U. S. district court in 1853, and afterward
on a ranch near Santa Barbara. He has written for
magazines and newspapers articles on the Indian
races, the history of California, and natural history.
He published a translation of the diary of Juan
Rodriguez Cabrillo, under the title of " The First
Voyage to the Coast of California " (San Francisco,
1853) ; a " History of Grasshoppers and Locusts of
America" in the "Report" of the Smithsonian
institution for 1858 ; " The Indianology of Cali-
fornia" in the "California Farmer" (1860-'4);
and " Bibliographia Californica " in the Sacramento
" Union " (1863-6).
TAYLOR, Alfred, naval officer, b. in Fairfax
county, Va., 23 May, 1810. He entered the navy
as a midshipman, 1 Nov., 1826, became a passed
midshipman, 4 June, 1831, and was commissioned a
lieutenant, 9 Feb., 1837. During the Mexican war
he was attached to the frigate " Cumberland " in
the blockade of Vera Cruz and in some of the
operations on the coast. He served at the Wash-
ington navy-yard in 1848-'51, and in the steamer
" Mississippi " with Perry's expedition to Japan in
1853-'5, was commissioned commander, 14 Sept.,
1855, and commanded the sloop " Saratoga " on the
coa§t of Africa when the civil war opened in 1861.
He was commissioned captain, 16 July, 1862, and
was attached to the navy-yard at Boston in 1862-'5.
He commanded the flag-ship "Susquehanna" on
the Brazil station in 1866, and was promoted to
commodore, 27 Sept., 1866. He was then on wait-
ing orders until February, 1869, when he was ap-
pointed light-house inspector. He was promoted
to rear-admiral, 29 Jan., 1872, and was retired by
operation of law, 23 May, 1872. He has been a resi-
dent of New York city since his retirement.
TAYLOR, Alfred, clergyman, b. in Philadel-
phia, Pa., in 1831. He was pastor of Presbyterian
churches at Bristol and Williamsport, Pa. He has
exerted himself for the improvement of Sunday-
school teaching, and in 1870-'l conducted a weekly
called the " Sunday-School Workman." His pub-
lications include "Union Praver-Meeting Hymn-
Book " (Philadelphia, 1858) ; " Sunday-School Pho-
tographs" (Boston and Edinburgh, 1864); "Extra
Hvmn-Book" (Philadelphia, 1864); and "Hints
about Sunday-School Work " (1869).
TAYLOR, Archibald Alexander Edward, educator, b. in Springfield, Ohio, 27 Aug., 1834. He was graduated at Princeton in 1854, and at the theological seminary there in 1857. He was pastor
of a Presbyterian church at Portland, Ky., in 1857-'9, then at Dubuque, Iowa, till 1865, for the
