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States. He held various posts as organist, notably in Plymouth church, Brooklyn, where he was al- most uninterruptedly from 1850 till 1865. In 1865 he went to Europe, remaining two years. After his return he resumed his duties at Plymouth church, but in 1878 went again to Europe. He composed a large number of pieces for the organ, as well as some sacred and vocal music, and published " Mod- ern Organ-School " (Boston, 1860) : " The Amateur Organist " (1854) ; a " Treatise on Harmony and Modulation" ; ,and other books.

ZUNIGA, Alvaro Manrique de (thoon'-ye- gah), Marquis de Villa-Manrique, seventh viceroy of Mexico, b. in Seville. Spain, about 1530 ; d. in Madrid about 1600. He entered Mexico, 18 Oct., 1585, and one of his first measures was to send re- enforcements to Acapulco and fortify that city against English corsairs. He also ordered the arming of a fleet to attack their vessels ; but the Licenciado Palacios, who was in command, hear- ing that Sir Francis Drake had sailed for the East Indies, remained in port and allowed a privateer that was lying in wait at Cape San Lucas to cap- ture the galleon '• Santa Ana," with a rich cargo of treasure and silk from Manila. Zufiiga was well liked, both by Spaniards and Indians, whom he treated humanely, but although, according to Torquemada, he was wise and prudent, his hasty temper led him, in a dispute about jurisdiction with the audiencia of Guadalajara, to resort to force, and, as the audiencia armed also, the colony was on the eve of a civil war. His enemies mean- while spread calumnies at court, and Philip II. in 1589 ordered his relief by Luis de Velasco, and commanded the bishop of Tlaxcala, Pedro Ro- mano, to investigate Zuiiiga's government. Ro- mano, who had an old grudge against the viceroy, arrived in Mexico before Velasco, and on 17 Jan., 1590, relieved Zuniga, going so far, in his enmity toward the latter, as to attach even the clothes of his wife in the seizure of his property. For six vears Zuniga continued in Texcoco, the object of Romano's persecution, till in 1596 he sailed for Spain to seek justice, and obtained at last the re- versal of the sentence of confiscation, but he died beforejie could recover his property.

ZUNIGA, Baltasar de, Marquis de Valero, thirty-sixth viceroy of Mexico, b. in Andalusia about 1670; d. in Madrid about 1730. He was ap- pointed in 1716, and on 16 Aug. received the gov- ernment from his predecessor, the Duke of Linares. Shortly afterward the governor of Texas, Capt. Diego Ramon, sent information that for want of provisions he would have to abandon the territory and retire to Coahuila unless relieved, and Zufiiga at once hurried forward provisions, ammunition, troops, and artisan settlers to teach the Indians. In 1717 a Florida chief, Tixjanaque, who had mani- fested to the governor of Pensacola a desire to visit the viceroy, arrived in Mexico, and was so well treated by Zufiiga that he accepted baptism and offered the perpetual friendship of his tribe. In the next year the English wood-cutters in La- guna de Terminos, and French settlers in Texas, not having complied with an order of evacuation, were forcibly expelled, and several colonies were founded in Texas. In 1719 the viceroy received the visit of Toniatuh, a chief of the Cora Indians of the Nayarit mountains, upon whom he prevailed to receive a Spanish force in his mountains, which had been the refuge of criminals from New Galicia and New Vizcaya. When the chief afterward re- fused compliance with the treaty, Zufiiga sent a large force, which, after long warfare, conquered the tribe and established in their territory a town, which was called San Francisco de Valero. In 1719 war began with the French, and on 19 May they captured Pensacola, which was restored in 1720. On account of feeble health, the viceroy re- peatedly resigned, and when, on 15 Oct., 1722, his successor arrived, he returned to Spain.

ZUNIGA, Dionisio de, Central American mis- sionary, b. in Guatemala about 1550 ; d. in Chiapa about 1620. He entered the Dominican order in the province of Chiapa, and labored the greater part of his life in the missions among the Quiche Indians, in whose language he was so proficient that, besides translating Friar Francisco Viana's works, written, in the dialect of Vera Paz, into Quiche, he also wrote a grammar, a volume of sermons, and several religious treatises in that language, the manuscripts of which are preserved in the episco- pal archives of Guatemala. There also existed the manuscript of another work of his, " El Mare Mag- num," a fantastical history of the Indian mon- archies on the Pacific coast, but it is lost.

ZUNIGA Y ACEVEDO, Gaspar de, Count de Monterey, viceroy of Mexico and Peru, b. in Anda- lusia about 1540 ; d. in Lima, Peru, 10 Feb., 1606. Being appointed to succeed in Mexico Luis de Velasco the younger, who had been promoted to Peru, he sailed from Spain in 1595, and took charge of the government on 5 Nov. of that year. He was a protector of the native race, and nearly every Sunday went personally to the square to su- perintend the hiring of the Indians and prevent abuses by the employers and inferior authorities. In 1596 he despatched an expedition under Sebas- tian Vizcayno for the exploration and coloniza- tion of Lower California, which returned in the next year without accomplishing much for want of provisions. An English buccaneer, William Park, surprised and captured the city of Cam- peachy in 1597, obliging the alcalde to take refuge with a small force in the convent of San Fran- cisco, but during the sacking of the town the gov- ernor returned from an expedition, and, joining the forces of the alcalde, totally defeated the Eng- lish, forcing them to re-embark with heavy loss. In 1600 the city of Vera Cruz was removed from the former unhealthy locality to the present site opposite San Juan de Ulua, and in the same year an expedition under Juan de Ofiate and Vicente Zaldivar was sent for the conquest of New Mexico. By order of the king, Zufiiga despatched, in 1602, a second expedition under Sebastian Vizcayno to explore the coast of Upper California and ac- quire information about the fabulous Strait of Anian. That expedition named the Bay of Monterey in honor of the viceroy, and the same name was given to a colony that was founded

in New Leon. In

1603 Zufiiga was promoted viceroy of Peru, and. on the arrival of his successor, he delivered the gov-