ternational medical congress at Paris in 1867, was vice-president of the New York academy of medicine from 1869 till he became president in 1871, a delegate to the British medical association in Edinburgh in 1875, to that held in London in 1881, and was a member of various medical associations. The University of Missouri gave him the degree of LL. D. in 1880. Among his most important publications are " History and Observations on Asiatic Cholera in Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1854 " (New York, 1854) ; " Dislocation of the Femur into the Ischiatic Notch"; "Treatise on Physiology and Hygiene " for schools (1870); "Contributions to Orthopaedic Surgery " (1880) ; and " Acupressure." a prize essay of the New York state medical societv.
HUTSON, Richard, jurist, b. in'Prince William's parish, S. C, 12 June, 1747; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1793. He was graduated at Prince-
ton in 1765, and practised law in Charleston, S. C., till the beginning of the Revolution. He was a member of the Continental congress from South
Carolina in 1774, 1776, and 1778, and in the latter year, with other patriots, was imprisoned and sent to St. Augustine by the British under Sir Henry Clinton. At the close of the war, during which his considerable estate had been seriously impaired, he completed his financial ruin by taking payment in continental currency for money that was due him, hoping, by his example, to improve the government credit. He was intendant of Charleston
under its first charter in 1783-'8, became chancellor in 1784, senior judge of the chancery court in 1791, and was a member of the convention that ratified the Federal constitution in 1788.
HUTTEN, Philip von, adventurer, b. in
Franconia, Germany, near the close of the 15th
century; d. in Venezuela in 1546. He joined the
first expedition that was sent out by the Welsers
of Augsburg to form a colony in South America.
Charles V. made a grant of the province of
Venezuela to these bankers as a hereditary fief in
return for the enormous sums that he owed them.
The conduct of the German adventurers was even
more ferocious than that of the Spaniards, but Oviedo
says that, while Hutten was fully as brave and
ambitious as his companions, he was much less cruel.
He landed at Coro in 1531, and his life afterward
was full of privations, dangers, and misfortunes. In
one of his expeditions to Lake Maracaibo he heard
of a country called Eldorado. An Indian of high
rank gave him the most positive details regarding
this imaginary region, and, after acquainting him
with the route to it, offered to act as his guide.
After a painful march, of eight days, in severe
weather, the Indian escaped. Several of the party
soon died of hunger and fatigue. They were
frequently attacked by the Indians, and, always
deceived by false intelligence, wandered for four
years from one point to another. At last, when
their number had been reduced from 130 to 39,
they arrived near a large and fine city, where they
were attacked by several thousand Indians.
Hutten, although he had been severely wounded,
charged at the head of his band and completely
routed the enemy. He then set out on his return
to Coro, but never reached his destination. The
province of Venezuela had been taken possession
of by Carvajal during the absence of Hutten. The
latter, to whom the government of the province
belonged by right, was assassinated on the road to Coro,
by order of Carvajal. Hutten wrote a narrative
of his campaigns. The manuscript was brought to
Germany, and lay so long lost in a library that it
became almost illegible. It was finally published
in the first volume of the collection entitled “Lit-
erary and Historical Magazine,” by Meusel
(Bayreuth and Leipsic, 1785). It bears the title “News
from the Indies,” and contains valuable information
on the events in which the author took part
from 1535 to 1546, while giving graphic descriptions
of the countries through which he passed.
HUTTER, Edwin Wilson, clergyman, b. in
Allentown, Pa., 12 Sept., 1813 ; d. in Philadelphia,
Pa., 21 Sept., 1873. At the age of seventeen his
father died, leaving him the editor and sole proprietor of two newspapers in Allentown, one published in English and the other in German. Sub-
sequently he removed to Harrisburg, where he
had charge of another newspaper. For some time
he resided in Lancaster, after which he was private
secretary to James Buchanan, when the latter was
secretary of state. He then studied for the ministry
in Baltimore, and was called to St. Matthew's Evan-
gelical Lutheran church. Philadelphia, where he re-
mained till his death. He was a firm adherent of
the government during the civil war, and was ac-
tively interested in the Northern home for friend-
less children, of which he was a trustee.
HUTTON, Abraham Bloodgood, educator, b.
in Albany, N. Y., 10 Dec, 1798 ; d. in Stuyvesant
Landing/N. Y., 18 July. 1870. He was graduated
at Union college in 1817, studied law in Albany
for one year, and theology in Princeton seminary
in 1819-'21. He then became interested in the edu-
cation of deaf-mutes, and devoted his life to this
cause. He was an assistant instructor in the
Philadelphia deaf-mute institution in 1820-'8. and
in 1830 became principal. Mr. Hutton advocated
the use of signs and of writing rather than the
system of lip-reading and artificial articulation.
The year previous to his death he resigned his
work in consequence of failure of health.
HUTTON, Laurence, author, b. in New York
city, 8 Aug., 1843. He was educated in New York,
travelled extensively in Europe, and spent every
summer in London for twenty years. He early
began writing for the press, and has contributed
extensively to periodicals. He is the author of
" Plays and Players " (New York, 1875) and " Liter-
ary Landmarks of London" (London and New
York, 1885). He has edited " Artists of the Nine-
teenth Century," with Clara Erskine Clement (Bos-
ton, 1879) ; " The American Actor Series" (188l-'2) ;
" Actors and Actresses of Great Britain and the
United States," with Brander Matthews (New York
and London, 1886); and "John Bernard's Retro-
spection of America," with Brander Matthews (New
York, 1886). He has also compiled " Opening Ad-
dresses of the American Stage " (1886).
HYATT, Alpheus. naturalist, b. in Washington, D. C, 5 April, 1838. He was educated at the Maryland military academy, at Yale college, and at the Lawrence scientific school of Harvard, where he was graduated in 1862. Subsequently he served during the civil war in the 47th Massachusetts volunteers, and attained the rank of captain. He then renewed his studies under Louis Agassiz, and in 1867 became a curator in the Essex institute. While holding this office in connection with Edward S. Morse, Alpheus S. Packard, Frederick W. Putnam, and the officers of the Essex institute, he founded the Peabody academy of science. Its
museum was planned by these four naturalists, together they formed its first scientific staff, and in 1869 Mr. Hyatt was made one of its curators. He was also associated with these gentlemen in establishing the "American Naturalist," and was one of its original editors. In 1870 he was elected
custodian and in 1881 curator of the Boston society of natural history. He has also charge of the fossil
