studying the mines in England and continental Europe. Soon after his return to the United States he embarked in the coal business, and his mines of anthracite in Drifton, Pa., are among the most successful and best-conducted pieces of min- ing property in the state. During the summer of 1877 they were selected by the faculty of Colum- bia college school of mines as affording better fa- cilities for study than any other. As an expert on the mining and preparation of anthracite coal, and on the subject of mine surveying, Mr. Coxe had frequently lectured before scientific bodies. He had been prominent in the American institute of mining engineers, being its president from May, 1878, till February, 1880 ; also in the Institute of mechanical engineers, of which he was vice-presi- dent from April, 1880, till November, 1881 ; and he was a member of the American society of civil engineers. He published papers on technical sub- jects, chiefly in the transactions of the societies of which he was a meinber, and translated the first volume of the fourth edition of Weisbach's " Me- chanics of Engineering, and Construction of Ma- chines" (New York, 1872). From 1880 till 1884 he was a state senator in Pennsylvania.
COXE, John Redman, physician, b. in Trenton, N. J., in 1773; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., 22
March. 1864. He was educated in Philadelphia,
completed his classical course in Scotland, returned
home in 1790, studied medicine with Dr, Rush,
and, after receiving his diploma in 1794, studied in
London, Paris, and Edinburgh. In 1796 he set-
tled in Philadelphia, and in 1798, during the vis-
itation of yellow fever, was appointed by the
Board of health physician to the port. He was
for several years one of the physicians of the
Pennsylvania hospital, and also of the Philadel-
phia dispensary. In 1809 he was elected professor
of chemistry in the University of Pennsylvania,
from which chair he was transferred in 1818 to
that of materia medica and pharmacy, which he
held until 1835. Dr. Coxe was the first to practise
vaccination in Philadelphia. He published a
treatise on " Inflammation " (Philadelphia, 1794) ;
" Importance of Medicine " (1800) ; " Vaccination "
(1800); "Combustion" (1811); " American Dispen-
satory " (1827) ; " Refutation of Harvey's Claim to
the Discovery of the Circulation of the Blood "
(1834) ; " Appeal to the Public " (1835) ; " Agaricus
Atramentarius" (1842); "Recognition of Friends
in Another World" (1845); and "The Writings
of Hippocrates and Galen Epitomized" (1846).
He edited the " Philadelphia Medical Museum "
(1805-'ll), and "Emporium of Arts and Sciences,"
continued by Dr. Thomas Cooper (1812-'4).
COXE, Margaret, author, b. in Burlington,
N. J., about 1800. She published " Claims of the
Country on American Females " (Columbus, 1842) ;
" Botany of the Scriptui-es " ; " Wonders of the
Deep " ; and " Young Ladies' Companion."
COXE, Tench, political economist, b. in
Philadelphia, Pa., 22 May, 1755; d. there, 17 July, 1824.
His mother was a daughter of Tench Francis. His
father came of a family well known in American
affairs. One ancestor was a proprietor of the province
of West Jersey, and sent out the first ship that
ever entered the Mississippi from the gulf.
Another wrote “A Description of the Province of
Carolana,” and drew that scheme for the union
of the colonies against French aggression which
Franklin copied in the “Albany Plan.” Tench
received his education in the Philadelphia schools,
and intended to study law; but his father determined
to make him a merchant, and he was placed
in the counting-house of Coxe & Furman,
becoming
a partner at the age of twenty-one. Those
were the times that tried men's souls, and the boy
proved unequal to the trial. In 1776 he resigned
from the militia, turned royalist, left the city to
join the British, and came back in 1777 with the
army under Howe. When Howe left, Coxe was
arrested and paroled. He now turned whig, and
began a long political career. In 1786 he was sent
to the Annapolis convention, and in 1788 to the
Continental congress. He next became a federalist,
and was made assistant secretary of the treasury
in 1789, and commissioner of the revenue in
1792; but from this place Adams removed him.
He then turned republican, and in the canvass of
1800 published Adams's famous letter to him
regarding Pinckney. For this he was reviled by the
federalists as a renegade, a tory, and a British guide,
and was rewarded by Jefferson in 1803 with the
place of purveyor of public supplies, which he held
till 1812. In 1804 Coxe organized and led a party
at Philadelphia opposed to the election to congress
of Michael Lieb, and this brought him again into
public notice. Though a republican, he was for
three months daily abused by the “Aurora”; was
called a tory, a Federal rat, a British guide who
had entered Philadelphia in 1777 with laurel in his
hat, and his party was nicknamed the “quids.”
The term is commonly supposed to have been first
applied to the little band led by John Randolph in
1806, but this is a mistake. The claims of Tench
Coxe to remembrance are his labors in behalf of
American manufactures, and his statistical writings
on political economy. He deserves, indeed, to
be called the father of the American cotton industry.
He it was who first attempted to bring an
Arkwright machine to the United States, and first
urged the people of the south to give their time
to raising cotton. His speech before the delegates
of the constitutional convention is in the “American
Museum” of September, 1787. His treasury
papers are in the “American State Papers” (vol.
i., Finance). His chief works are: “An Inquiry
into the Principles for a Commercial System for
the United States” (1787); “Examination of Lord
Sheffield's Observations on the Commerce of the
United Provinces” (1792); “View of the United
States” (1787-'94). He wrote also on naval power,
on encouragement of arts and manufactures, on
the cost, trade, and manufacture of cotton, on the
navigation act, and on arts and manufactures in the
United States.
COZZENS, Frederick Swartwout, merchant, b. in New York citv, 5 March. 1818 ; d. in Brooklyn, N. Y., 23 Dec"., 1869. He was educated in New York city, trained in mercantile pursuits, began a grocery and wine business at the age of twenty-one, and became a leading wine-merchant.
He introduced the Longworth wines from Ohio into the New York trade, being the first to sell native wines in that city. His leisure hours were devoted to literature, which he cultivated as a means of recreation. His earliest humorous poems and sketches were printed in 1847 in "Yankee Doodle." A series of articles that he contributed
to the "Knickerbocker Magazine " he collected and published in 1853 in a volume entitled "Prismatics," under the pen-name "Richard Haywarde," which was the real name of one of his ancestors, an English Moravian missionary in America. In the "Knickerbocker Magazine" he also issued a
series of humorous sketches describing the misadventures and trials of a city man, new to country life, who had purchased a rural home. They were called the "Sparrowgrass Papers," and. when published in a volume in New York iu 1856, obtained
