DE LEON, David Camden, surgeon, b. in South Carolina in 1822 ; d. in Santa Fe. New Mexico, 3 Sept., 1872. He was educated in his na- tive state, and graduated in medicine at the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania in 1836. He entered the U. S. army as assistant surgeon on 21 Aug., 1838. served in the Seminole war, and was then stationed for several years on the western frontier. At the beginning of the Mexican war he went with Gen. Taylor to the Rio Grande, was present at most of the battles in the campaign toward Mexico, and entered that city when it surrendered. For these services, as well as for gallantry in action, where he several times took the place of command- ing oiBcers who had been killed or wounded. Dr. De Leon twice received the thanks of congress, but was again assigned to frontier duty in Mexico, on the ground of his great energy and hardihood. He was promoted to surgeon, with the rank of major, on 29 Aug., 1856, and on 19 Feb., 1861, re- signed his commission and was placed at the head of the medical department of the Confederate army. At the close of the war he went to Mexico, but after a year's residence in that country he re- turned to New Mexico, where he had been stationed for many years, and owned property, continuing in practice until his death. He was a man of fine literary ^culture, and a vigorous writer.
DELERY, François Charles (duh-lay-ree), au-
thor, b. in St. Charles parish. La., 28 Jan., 1815 ; d.
in Bay St. Louis, Miss., 12 June, 1880. His parents
were French. He was educated in the Medical
school of Paris, where he went in 1829, and returned
in 1842. Pie became well known in his profession,
and contributed frequently to the newspapers of
his city on practical subjects. Pie was city phy-
sician in 1853-'60, and president of the Board of
health in 1857-8. His works, which are written
in French, include " Essai sur la liberte " (New
Orleans, 1847) ; " Etudes sur les passions " (1849) ;
" Quelque mots sur le nativisme," translated into
English (1854) ; " P^ievi'e jaune," a treatise on the
epidemic of 1848 (1859); " Le roi coton" and
"Confederes et federaux" (1864); "Memoire sur
I'epid^mie de fievre jaune qui a regne k la Nou-
velle Orleans et dans les eampagnes," a work of
much learning and careful research (1868) ;
" L'ecole du peuple," a one-act comedy in verse ;
" Les chroniques Indiennes " (1877) ; and a memoir
on "• Quarantine " (1878).
DELGADILLO, Diego (del-gah-deel'-yo), Span-
ish judge, b. in Granada, Spain, in the latter part of
the 15th century ; d. there in 1533. He was gradu-
ated as a lawyer at the university of Alcala, and in
1527 appointed judge of the first audiencia or su-
})reme court of New Spain. Pie left Seville in Au-
gust, and landed at Vera Cruz on 6 Dec, 1528. Two
other judges having died during the voyage, Delga-
dillo and Ortiz de Matienzo alone founded the
audiencia in the city of Mexico. Pie awarded him-
self several repartimientos, and soon managed to
send home a large amount of money ; he obtained
from the municipal council a grant of land, which
was forbidden to the judges by the laws, and had
his brother appointed governor of the Zapoteca
province. Finally he declared himself in open en-
mity with Cortes, and opposed the missionaries and
the bishops. To make himself popidar among the
Spanish colonists and the natives, he founded An-
tequera (now Oajaca), quelled a dangerous revolt
of the Indians in that province, imported the mul-
berry-tree and the silk-worm in 1530, being the first
to begin their culture in the New World, and the
olive-tree in the following year. In the mean
while his acts of maladministration had reached
their utmost, when Cortes returned from Vera
Cruz, 15 July. 1531, and resolved to put an end to
the whole audiencia. All the judges were in ac-
cord, and intended to depose Cortes ; but Bishop
Zumarraga succeeded in checking them. The au-
diencia was called to answer before other courts ;
125 suits were begun, and Delgadillo, like the
other members of the audiencia. was sentenced to
lose all his repartimientos, and to pay $40,000 be-
sides. He returned to Spain, and retired to his
native city, where a severe illness, brought about
by his troubles, ended his life.
DELGADO, Pedro (del-gah'-do), Spanish mis-
sionary, b. in Burgos, Old Castile, in 1487 ; d. in the
city of Mexico in 1552. His parents belonged to
the highest Castilian nobility, and had great influ-
ence at the coui't of Queen Isabella. Young Del-
gado was sent to Valladolid to study, but, being
out of health, retui'ned home. Some time after-
ward he entered a Dominican convent at Sala-
manca, where he studied arts and theology, and. on
being ordained priest, went at ouce to Ocafia with
Father Juan Hurtado, where they founded a con-
vent and college, which is still a school for Spanish
missionaries. Father Betanzos took him to New
Spain in 1526, and Delgado was soon appointed
prior of the Dominican convent in the city of
Mexico, and provincial of his order in 1538. Pie
was the first master of novices and preacher-gen-
eral in that province, and took much interest in
the conversion and instruction of the Indians,
whose language he learned in order to be able to
preach and teach among them. He was the best
friend and assistant of Father Bartolome de las
Casas, the great protector of the Indians, and gave
him much valuable information for his " Historia
de Indias " and other writings. Charles V., hav-
ing been informed by Las Casas about the learning
and virtues of Delgado. appointed him bishop of
Charcas, Peru ; but he declined the appointment,
preferring to continue his work in Mexico, where
he remained for the rest of his life, devoting him-
self entirely to literary and scientific teaching and
to charity. Plis remains were buried in the chap-
ter-hall of Santo Domingo, Mexico.
DE LINIERS-BREMONT, Jacques Antoine Marie, Spanish vicerov, b. in Niort, France, 6
P^eb., 1756 ; d. in Cordoba, 26 Aug., 1810. He en-
tered the service of the order of "Malta and after-
ward the Spanish navy, where he soon attained the
rank of captain, and during the war with Great
Britain was sent on a mission to South America.
When Buenos Ayres was captured in June, 1806,
by the English under Beresford, De Liniers col-
lected a force and marched against the conquerors,
who capitulated 12 Aug. with a loss of 364 killed,
1,200 prisoners, 700 muskets, 20 guns, and 8 stand-
ards. After Montevideo had been recaptured by
the British forces under Auchmuty, 3 Feb.. 1807.
De Liniers was attacked by them in the vicinity of
Buenos Ayres, driven within its walls, and be-
sieged by an array of 10,000 men under Gen.
Whitelock ; but he defended the city valiantly,
caused great losses to the British, took on 5 July
1,000 prisoners, forced them to raise the siege, and
soon afterward, in consequence of the capitulation
of 7 July, to evacuate Montevideo and abandon
the whole country within two months. For these
services he was made viceroy of Buenos Ayres.
When the first demonstrations for independence
appeared toward the end of 1808, De Liniers was
driven by the insurgents from Buenos Ayres, and
for his temporizing policy was superseded by Bal-
tasar de Cisneros, sent out by the Junta de Cadiz
early in 1809. De Liniers was given the title of
