and was conspicuous in opposing the reactionary movement of that year, tending to re-establish the Spanish authority in Lima. In 1825 he represent- ed Peru as envoy extraordinary in Colombia, and in 1830 was minister plenipotentiary to Bolivia. In 1835-'8 he strenuously opposed the Peru-Boliv- ian confederation, and on its disruption on 20 Jan., 1839. he was elected deputy of the new con- stituent congress of Huancayo, and nominated its president. He was again plenipotentiary to Bo- livia in 1840, to the general American congress in 1847, to Chili and New Granada in 1848, to Ecua- dor in 1858, and deputy to congress in 1860. In the intervals he occupied several times the minis- try of the interior, the treasury and foreign rela- tions, was councillor of state, director-general of customs, and for ten years director of public in- struction, in which ca])acity he remodelled the whole system, and introduced valuable reforms in the faculty of philosophy, arts, and law. He also contributed to journals in Lima, and as president of several scientific and literary commissions con- tributed powerfully to the intellectual develop- ment of his country. He was an accomplished linguist and book collector, and left one of the most conijilete libraries in South America.
FERRIER, James, Canadian senator, b. in
Fifeshire, Scotland, 22 Oct., 1800. He was edu-
cated in his native country, came to Canada in
1821, and engaged in mercantile pursuits in Mon-
treal. He became a member of the corporation of
that city in 1841, mayor in 1847, and lieutenant-
colonel of militia the same year. He was appointed
a member of the board of the Royal institution
for the advancement of learning in 1845, was sub-
sequently its president, and was elected chancellor
of McGill university, Montreal, in September,
1884. He is also a member of the council of Vic-
toria college, Cobourg. He has been a director of
the Canada board of the Bank of British North
America since it was first established, is chairman
of the Canada board of the Grand Trunk railway
company, and is connected with many other or-
ganizations. He was a life member of the legisla-
tive council of Canada from 27 May, 1847, untd
the union in 1867, when he was called to the senate.
He was appointed member for Victoria in the
legislative council of Quebec in 1867. Mr. Ferrier
is a Conservative in politics.
FERRIS, Bonjamin, author, d. in Wilming-
ton, Del., in 1867. He was a watchmaker, lived
for many years in Philadelphia, and was clerk of
the Philadelphia meeting of Friends. He published
" History of the Early Settlements on the Delaware,
from its Discovery to the Colonization under Will-
iam Penn " (Wilmington, 1846).
FERRIS, Isaac, clergvman, b. in New York
city. 9 Oct., 1798 : d. in Roselle, N. J., 16 June,
1873. He entered Columbia when but twelve
years of age, joined the military company raised
among the students in the war of i812, and did duty
in the forts around New York harbor. His college
course was delayed one year by this, and he was
graduated in 1816 with the highest honors of his
class. He taught in the Albany academy one year,
and then studied theology under Dr. James M.
Mason, and in Rutgers seminary, was licensed to
preach in 1820, and became pastor of the Reformed
Dutch church in New Brunswick, N. J., in 1821.
He was afterward settled in Albany in 1824-'36,
and at the Market street church. New York, in
1836-'53. He went to Holland as commissioner
on behalf of American missionaries in the Dutch
East Indies in 1842. He was long connected with
the Sunday-school union, was president of the city
organization from 1837 till 1873, was the originator
of the Rutgers female institute, and for a long
period its principal and the president of its board
of trustees for eighteen years, and was subsequent-
ly connected with the Ferris institute. In 1852 he
accepted the chancellorship of the University of
New York, at that time under serious embarrass-
ment from heavy
debts. He collected about $74,000,
outside of the rent-
als and other re-
ceipts of the uni-
versity, and thus
relieved it from its
financial embar-
rassments, and ma-
terially raised the
standard of schol-
arship. He filled
the chair of moral
science and Chris-
tian evidence dui-
ing his whole con-
nection with the
university, and was
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also acting professor of constituti(mal and international law in 1855-'69. He retired from the chancellorship in 1870, but was immediately chosen chancellor emeri- tus. He removed a year later to Roselle, N. J., where he resided until his death. The degree of D. D. was conferred on him by Union college in 1833, and that of LL. D. by Columbia in 1853. He published numerous occasional sermons, essays, and addresses, including " Appeal to the Ministers in behalf of Sunday-Schools " (Philadelphia, 1834), and a " Re- port on Separate Action in Foreign Missions" (1857). — His son, John Mason, clergyman, b. in Albany, N. Y., 17 Jan., 1825, was graduated at the University of the city of New York in 1843, studied theology at the New Brunswick seminary, was licensed to preach in the Dutch Reformed church in 1849, and served in various parishes from 1849 till 1865, when he was elected secretary of the Board of foi'eign missions. He became editor of the "Christian Intelligencer" in 1883, and treas- urer of the Foreign mission board in 1886. Mr. Ferris is the author of a " History of Foreign Mis- sions," published in the "Manuai of the Reformed Church" in 18()9 and 1879.
FERRY, Orris Sanford, senator, b. in Bethel,
Fairfield co.. Conn., 15 Aug., 1823 ; d. in Norwalk,
Conn., 31 Nov., 1875. He was graduated at Yale
in 1844, studied law, was admitted to the bar in
1846, and began practice in Norwalk. In 1847 he
was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the first divi-
sion of Connecticut militia, and from 1849 till 1856
was judge of probate for the district of Norwalk.
He was elected to the state senate in 1855, serving
two years, and in 1857-'9 was district attorney for
the county of Fairfield. He was an unsuccessful
Republican candidate for congress in 1856, but
was elected two years later, serving in 1859-'61,
and being again defeated in 1860. When the civil
war began, he zealously supported the National
government, and in July, 1861, became colonel of
the 5th Connecticut regiment, joining Gen. Banks's
corps in Maryland. He was promoted to brigadier-
general, 17 March, 1862, and was assigned a brigade
in Shields's division, from which he was transferred
to Peck's division of the 4th army corps under Gen.
Keyes. He served till the close of the war, resigned
his commission, 15 June, 1865, andoo 23 May, 1866,
was elected U. S. senator from Connecticut, taking
