ment, the reactionary forces were encouraged, and Marquez marched on Tulancingo in April and at- taclved Queretaro, but was defeated. lie then joined the ex-president, Zuloaga, and they occupied Villa del Carbon in May, 1861. In this month the reac- tionary forces captured JMelchor Ocampo {q. v.) in his •estate of Pomoca and delivered him to Marquez and Zuloaga, by whose orders he was shot at Tepe- ji del Rio and his body hanged to a tree. Public indignation now rose to the highest pitch, and congress offered a reward of $10,000 for his head •or tiiat of Zuloaga ; but he evaded the government forces, and, joining Galvez. defeated and cap- tured, on 28 June, Gen. Leandro Valles, who was shot and hanged to a tree. After the withdrawal of the Spanish and British forces from Mexico, Marquez offered his services to Gen. Laureneez, and on the latter's retreat from Puebla in May, 1862, commanded the rear-guard and sustained a bloody fight with Zaragoza's forces at Barranca Seca. After the arrival of Gen. Forey and during the operations in 1863, Marquez led the van-guard, occupied Cuapiaxtla, Huamantla, and Ixtenco, and assisted in the siege of Puebla. After the estab- lishment of the empire he was one of its firmest supporters and was appointed commander-in-chief of the Pacific coast, but early in 1865 the Liberal forces invaded Michoacan and forced Marquez to retire to Morelia. He organized a campaign with the French general Douay, but in an encounter with the Liberal forces he was dangerously wounded in one eye. The emperor, when the army was re- modelled, sent him in the middle of the year as envoy to Turkey, and thereby lost one of his most faithful supporters. When the empire was near- ing its end Marquez was recalled, and arrived in November, 1866, in Mexico with Miramon. He was appointed commander-in-chief of the capital, and after the defeat of Miramon at San Jacinto on 1 Feb., 1867, accompanied the emperor to Queretaro with about 4,000 men. When that city was sur- rounded by the Liberal forces under Escobedo, Marquez was despatched in the middle of March with some cavalry to Mexico, with the rank of lieutenant of the empire and orders to organize forces for the relief of Queretaro ; but, instead of returning there, he resolved to relieve Puebla, which was besieged by Diaz. But the latter took the city on 2 April, and. encountering Marquez's forces at San Lorenzo on 10 April, totally routed them. Marquez returned to Mexico nearly alone, and in his turn was besieged by Diaz. After the fall of Queretaro. which Marquez tried to conceal, he took the harshest measures to force the inhabitants and garrison to resistance : but gradually provisions began to fail, many poor persons died of starva- tion, and when Diaz, re-enforced by the troops from Queretaro, made a final assault on 20 June, the garrison began to show signs of insubordina- tion, Marquez hid himself, and Diaz occupied the city the next day. Marquez remained concealed for several days, and finally escaped to Havana, where he has since resided.
MARQUEZ, Pedro Jose (mar'-keth), Mexican
author, b. in San Francisco del Rincon, 22 Feb.,
1741 ; d. in the city of Mexico, 2 Sept.. 1820. Af-
ter a course of study he entered the Jesuit order in
Mexico in 1763. He was professor of Latin in the
College of Espiritu Santo in Puebla de los Angeles
when his order was expelled in 1767, and then
went to Italy, where he dedicated himself to archi-
tecture and the fine arts. In Rome he wrote his
principal works, which are better known in the
Old World than in his own country. He was
made a member of the academies of Madrid, Bo-
logna, Florence, and Saragossa. In 1814 he re-
turned to Mexico and gave himself to teaching in
the College of San Ildefonso, where his pupils in-
cluded Jose Bernardo Couto. The latter intended
to translate the works of Marquez from the Italian,
but he died in 1862 without accomplishing the
task. Marquez's works include " Delle case di
Citta degli antichi Romani secondo la dottrina
di Vitruvio" (Rome, 1795) ; " Delle Ville di Plinio
il Giovane con un Appendice sugli Atri della S.
Scrittura e gli Scamilli imparl di Vitruvio " (1796) ;
and " Due antichi Monumenti di Architectura Mes-
sicana illustrati " (1804).
MARROQUIN, Francisco (mar-ro-keen'), Cen-
tral American R. C. bishop, b. in Toranzo, Spain,
in 1503 ; d. in Santiago, Guatemala, 9 April, 1563.
He was professor of philosophy and theology in
Osma, and while preaching at the court of Charles
V. became an intimate friend of Pedro de Alva-
rado (q. v.). He accompanied Alvarado to Guate-
mala, where he was appointed by Bishop Zumar-
raga. of Mexico, first rector of Santiago, and after-
ward vicar- general of the province. He was
presented by the emperor to the bisho]>ric of
Guatemala in 1533, confirmed by the pope in the
following year, and consecrated in Mexico in 1537.
He dedicated himself with zeal to the education of
the Indians, bringing for the purpose from Spain
some Dominican friars, among whom was Bar-
tolome de las Casas, and Franciscans from Mexico.
He soon acquired the Indian language and treated
the natives so kindly that they founded a town,
which they called in his honor San Juan del Obis-
po. He erected a hospital and college and began
a cathedral. He wrote " Cateeismo y doctrina
cristiana en idioma Utlateco " (Mexico, 1556), and
" Arte para aprender los principales idiomas de
Guatemala," which, according to Remesal, was
placed in the librarv of Tlaltelolco in manuscript.
MARROQUIN, Jose Manuel' (mar-ro-keen'),
Colombian author, b. in Bogota in 1827. He was
educated in the university of his native city, and for
many years afterward devoted himself to teaching.
He is considered as an authority on the Spanish
language in South America, and is a member of
the Colombian academy and honorary member of
the Spanish academy of language. His works are
" Tratados de Ortologia y Ortograf ia Castellana "
(New York, 1858) and " Diccionario Ortografico"
(New York, 1867), which have passed through many
editions and are adopted in many Spanish-Ameri-
can schools ; and " Lecciones de Retorica y Po-
etica" and "Lecciones de Metrica," which have
been published by the ministry of public instruc-
tion of Colombia in several editions. Marroquin
is also the author of many other text-books and a
collection of poems (Bogota, 1868).
MARRYAT, Frederick, British author, b. in
London, England, 10 Julv, 1792; d. in Langham,
Norfolk, England, 9 Aug., 1848. His father was
an eminent merchant, who published several works
on economical subjects, and his mother a native
of Boston, Mass. He entered the British navy as
a midshipman in 1806. and served in the war with
France and through the American war of 1812-'15,
distinguishing himself by cutting four vessels out
of Boston harbor and in an action with gun-boats
on Lake Pontchartrain in 1814 just before the battle
of New Orleans. In 1829, after he had attained
the rank of captain, he published " Frank Mild-
may," a novel dealing with life in the British navy,
in which some of his own early adventures were
recounted. "The King's Own" (London, 1830),
"Midshipman Easy" (1836), "Peter Simple "(1834),
and others followed at intervals of a year or two,
