marched to defend the Texas frontier against the Indians, but his force disbanded on hearing of Gen. Houston's victory at San Jacinto. He became colonel of the 1st Kentucky volunteer cavalry, 9 June, 1846, served in the war with Mexico, won great distinction at the Battle of Buena Vista, and afterward retired to his farm in Henry county, Ky. He was subsequently elected to congress as a Whig, serving from 3 Dec., 1849, till 4 Aug., 1852, and supported Clay's compromise measures. From 1852 till 1854 he was U. S. minister to China, and on his return he was elected to congress from Kentucky as an American, serving from 3 Dec., 1855, till 3 March, 1859. In 1856 he was a member of the National American council in New York city, where he was instrumental in abolishing all secrecy in the political organization of his party. In 1860 he canvassed Kentucky for John C. Breckinridge, and he afterward recruited in that state a large body of men for the Confederate army, in which he accepted a commission as brigadier-general. He was placed in command of the Army of Eastern Kentucky, with which it was designed to invade the state through the mountain-passes. In January, 1862, he fought the battle of Middle Creek, in Floyd county, with Gen. James A. Garfield (q. v.). In May, 1862, Gen. Marshall surprised Gen. Jacob D. Cox at Princeton, Va., the result of the action being the relief of the Lynchburg and Knoxville railroad, for which service he received the thanks of Gen. Lee. He resigned his commission soon afterward, practised law in Richmond, and was elected to the Confederate congress, serving on the committee on military affairs. Subsequently he removed to Louisville, Ky., and acquired a large law-practice. He was one of the first Confederates whose disabilities were removed by congress. — The second Humphrey's daughter, Nelly Nichol, author, b. in Louisville, Ky., 8 May, 1845; d. in Washington, D. C., 19 April, 1898. She married, in 1871, Col. John J. McAfee, of the Confederate army. In addition to numerous poems, she has published novels entitled “Eleanor Morton, or Life in Dixie” (New York, 1865); “Sodom Apples” (1866); “Fireside Gleanings” (Chicago, 1866); “As by Fire” (New York, 1869); “Wearing the Cross” (Cincinnati, 1868); “Passion, or Bartered and Sold” (Louisville, 1876); and “A Criminal through Love” (1882); also many magazine articles.
MARSHALL, Thomas, soldier, b. in Boston,
Mass., in 1718; d. in Weston, Mass., 18 Nov., 1800.
His father, Capt. Christopher Marshall, was an
officer in the British service, and assisted in the
capture of Louisburg in 1746. The son commanded
the ancient and honorable artillery company of
Boston in 1763-'7. In 1765 he was major of a
Boston regiment, and from 1767 till 1771
lieutenant-colonel. In a petition to Gov. Thomas
Hutchinson he asks for a grant of land, and speaks of
the “great expense his father was at in raising
troops for the expedition, which exceeded the
whole of his pay, and the greater part of which the
said Thomas Marshall had to advance for his
father to the great damage of his business.” He was
a merchant-tailor in King (now State) street before
the Revolutionary war, in which he commanded
the 10th Massachusetts regiment, and did efficient
service at Saratoga in 1777. In a petition to the
legislature Col. Marshall says that “at the evacuation
of Ticonderoga we lost most of our clothing
in the retreat,” but though an order was given by
the court for the board of war to make up these
losses, there were so many other claims that it was
not done. After the war he purchased the confiscated
estate of a Tory in Weston, Mass., which is
now the country-seat of Gen. Charles J. Paine.
Thomas's younger brother, Christopher, was a
captain in his regiment.
MARSHALL, William, surgeon, b. in Milton,
Del., 23 May, 1827. After attending Milton acade-
my he was graduated at Jefferson medical college
in 1847. and practised in Milton. Philadelphia,
Placerville, Cal., and Georgetown, Del., until the
opening of the civil war. He served in the Na-
tional army as surgeon of the 3d Delaware regi-
ment, and after the battle of Antietam was dis-
charged for disability, but he subsequently led a
company in the 6th JDelaware regiment, and also
acted as surgeon until the close of the war. Since
that time he has practised in Milford. He has
been president of the Delaware medical society,
and was secretary of the State board of health from
1879 till 1887. He performed the first successful
resection of the humerus in the civil war. at Win-
chester in 1862, and discovered the pathognomonic
sign of malarial poisoning. His specialties are sur-
gery and obstetrics, and he has contributed nu-
merous articles to medical publications.
MARSHALL, William Edgar, artist, b. in
New York city, 30 June, 1837. At the age of
twenty-one he began bank-note engraving, at which
he worked for several years, and then turned his
attention to the engraving of larger plates in line.
A few years later he went to Boston and painted
many portraits, including that of Oliver Wendell
Holmes. He went abroad in 1864, and remained
in Europe about two years, living mostly in Paris,
where he painted portraits and exhibited in the
salons of 1865-'6. On his return he began to en-
grave again, chiefly portraits. Having executed a
head of Christ, after Da Vinci, for Ilenry Ward
Beecher's " Life of Jesus " (1871), he conceived the
plan of painting an ideal head of Christ that would
please him better than those hitherto produced.
He first modelled the head in clay, and made also
a cartoon sketch that met with much praise, and
in 1880 he produced his " Head of Christ," of co-
lossal proportions. Of this he also executed a very
large line engraving. Mr. Marshall is best known
by his portrait engravings, of which the admirable
heads of Washington (1862), Lincoln (1866), and
Grant (1868) were especially successful. He made
six portraits of Gen. Grant, the last one (considered
by the artist the best) just before the general's
death. Among others whose portraits he engraved
were Henry W. Longfellow, James G. Blaine, Win-
field S. Hancock, James A. Garfield, Henry Ward
Beecher, and James Fenimore Cooper. Most of the
engravings were after paintings by himself.
MARSHALL, William Raiiiey, governor, b,
in Boone county. Mo.. 17 Oct., 1825; d. in Pasa-
dena, Cal., 4 April, 1895. His father removed to
Missouri, and thence to Cjuincy, 111., where William
received a common-school education. At the age
of sixteen he worked in the lead-mines of Galena,
111., and in 1847 he went to Minnesota (then part
of Wisconsin territory) and engaged in the survey
of public lands. In 1849 he established with his
brother the first store of general merchandise in
the Falls of St. Anthony (now Minneapolis). In
1848 he served in the legislature of Wisconsin, and
in 1849 was elected a member of the first territo-
rial legislature of Minnesota. He established the
first iron store in Minnesota at St. Paul in 1852,
and in 1855-'7 engaged in banking in that place.
He presided at the meeting that organized the Re-
publican party in Minnesota, and in 1855 was a
Republican candidate for congress, but was de-
feated. He engaged in dairy-farming in 1857, and
imported fine stock into the state. In 1861 he
