of the city of New York in 1836-'42. His learning and character made him successful as a teacher, and he enjoyed the friendship of the notable biblical scholars of his time, while many of his pupils now occupy posts of eminence. In 1888 he published in New York the first volume of his Hebrew grammar, and in 1841 the second volume (2d ed., with additions and improvements, 2 vols., New York, 1842). His other works, besides contributions to the “Biblical Repository,” were “A Grammatical Analysis of Select Portions of Scripture, or a Chrestomathy” (New York, 1838); and “The Philosophy of Ecclesiastes” in the “Biblical Repository” (July, 1838). His great clearness, his perfection of analysis, his philosophic method, and his thorough command of Oriental languages made his instruction of signal value. Dr. Nordheimer left several works in manuscript; a Chaldee and Syriac grammar and an Arabic grammar in German; a larger Arabic grammar in English; a Hebrew concordance, incomplete; Ecclesiastes translated and explained, in German; and a mass of philological notes.
NORDHOFF, Charles, journalist, b. in Erwitte,
Westphalia, Prussia, 31 Aug., 1830. In 1835 he
came with his parents to this country, and attended
school in Cincinnati, where he was apprenticed to a
printer in 1843. In 1844 he went to Philadelphia
and worked in a newspaper office, but he soon
shipped in rhe U. S. navy, where he served three
years, making a voyage around the world. He
remained at sea in the merchant, whaling, and
mackerel fishery service until 1853, when he again
became employed in newspaper offices, first in
Philadelphia, and afterward in Indianapolis, Ind. From
1857 till 1861 he was editorially employed by a
publishing-house in New York. From 1861 till 1871 he
was on the staff of the New York “Evening Post,”
and he subsequently contributed to the “Tribune.”
He travelled in California in 1871-'2, and visited
the Hawaiian islands in 1873. Since 1874 he has
been the special Washington correspondent of the
“New York Herald.” He edited an American
edition of Kern's “Practical Landscape Gardening”
(Cincinnati, 1855), and is the author of
“Man-of-War Life: a Boy's Experience in the U. S. Navy”
(Cincinnati, 1855); “The Merchant Vessel” (1855);
“Whaling and Fishing” (1856); “Nine Years a
Sailor” (1857); “Stories from the Island World”
(New York, 1857); “Secession is Rebellion: the
Union Indissoluble” (1860); “The Freedmen of
South Carolina: Some Account of their Appearance,
Character, Condition, and Customs” (1863);
“America for Free Working Men” (1865); “Cape
Cod and All Along Shore,” a collection of stories
(1868); “California for Health, Pleasure, and
Residence” (1872); “Northern California, Oregon, and
the Sandwich Islands” (1874); “Politics for Young
Americans” (1875); “The Communistic Societies
of the United States” (1875); “The Cotton States
in the Spring and Summer of 1875” (1876); and
“God and the Future Life” (1881).
NORES, Simon de (no'-res), Dutch naval officer,
b. in Muyden, near Amsterdam, in 1581; d. in
Amsterdam in 1643. He was the son of a pilot, and
followed the same profession till about 1610, when
he entered the service of the Dutch East Indian
company. In 1624 he proposed to John Usseling,
president of the company, a plan for attacking the
Spanish possessions in South America, which was
accepted. An expedition was sent out on 22 Dec.,
1624, under Admiral Jacob Wilekens, Nores
commanding the first division of the fleet, and taking
an active part in all the operations of the campaign.
He remained as lieutenant of Piet Hein (q. v.) when
Willekens returned to Holland in August, 1525,
and, being left in command of Bahia during Hein's
expedition against Espiritu Santo, defended the
city against a powerful Spanish and Portuguese
fleet. After holding it for two months, he was
forced to sign a capitulation in October, 1525, and
was detained a prisoner for several months, till
Hein's return from Holland and his recapture of the
city, 3 May, 1526. Being appointed vice-admiral
on his return to Holland, he commanded from 1627
till 1631 several expeditions that ravaged the
Venezuelan and Brazilian coasts, and twice
captured the treasure-ship that bore the yearly tribute
of the colonies to Spain. He retired in 1632,
settled in Amsterdam, and at his death was one of the
consulting directors of the Indian company.
NORMAN, Benjamin Moore, author, b. in Hudson, N. Y., 22'Dec., 1809; d. near Summit, Miss., 1 Feb., 1860. After the death of his father,
a bookseller at Hudson, he left a clerkship in New York to take charge of the business, and he was subsequently engaged in bookselling in Philadelphia, and in 1837 established a book-store in New Orleans. He was conspicuous for his philanthropy in the epidemic of yellow fever in New Orleans in 1841. He is the author of "Rambles in Yucatan" (New York, 1842); "New Orleans and its Environs" (New Orleans, 1845); and "Rambles by Land and Water" (New York, 1845). ,
NORMAND, Jacques Etienne (nor-mong), French communist, b. in Abbeville in 1809 ; d. in San Antonio, Tex., in 1867. He became a convert
of the Saint Simonists, and attached himself to Barthelemy Enfantin, and afterward to Jean Reybaud, but separated from them, and during the
revolution of 1848 petitioned the legislative assembly to be permitted to organize a communist colony in Picardy. Prince Louis Napoleon, on his elec-
tion as president, decreed the expulsion of Normand from the territory of the republic, and the latter, emigrating to this country, travelled for two
years in the eastern and southern states. In 1851 he went to Texas to join another expelled communist, Victor Considerant, and, as he had large
means, he bought 2,000 acres of land near San Antonio and established there with a band of adventurers the communistic colony of La Reunion,
which prospered somewhat at the outset, as Normand supplied all expenses, while the settlers lived in idleness. But numerous women of bad character also joined the colony, and, as Normand and Considerant insisted on a community of wives, the authorities of Texas expelled the colony. Normand
took refuge in San Antonio, and several times petitioned the legislature for the reopening of his colony, but to no avail. He made several attempts
in 1857 and 1861 to establish new communities near El Paso, and again in La Reunion, but was arrested on the latter occasion and imprisoned for
five years. He published, among other works, "Principes de socialisme" (Paris, 1846); "Theorie de la commune naturelle" (1855); "Theorie de la
republique communiste universelle" (Brussels. 1860).
NORQUAY. John, Canadian statesman, b. in. Fort Garry, Manitoba, 8 May, 1841 : d. in Winnipeg, 5 July, 1889. He was educated at St. John's
academy. Red river settlement, where he gained a scholarship in 1854. Mr. Norquay took an active part in the discussion on the Red river rebellion in
1870, and by the moderation of his views secured the confidence of the authorities as well as of the half-breeds. He was elected to the first Manitoba parliament for High Bluff in 1870. and in December, 1871, was appointed minister of public works and agriculture. He resigned with his colleagues
