sippi, Ohio, Illinois, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Toward the close of 1808 he returned to France, and he was attached in 180G to the prefecture of Ham- burg, but he soon resigned and retired to private life till the accession of Louis XVIII., when he was given an employment in the navy department at Paris. In 1811) he was appointed " sous prefet " of Sancerre, Cher, whence he was afterward trans- ferred to Rambouillet. He published "Voyage dans les deux Louisianes, et ,chez les nations sau- vages du Missouri, par les Etats-Unis, TOhio, et les provinces qui le bordent, en 1801, 1802, et 1803, avec un apergu des moeurs, des usages, du caractere et des coutumes religieuses et oiviles des peuples de ces diverses contrees " (Paris, 1805). and trans- lated into French the poem of Solomon," by Matthew Prior (Paris. 1808).
PERRINE, Matthew La Rue, clergyman, b.
in Freehold, Monmouth co., N. J., 4 May, 1777; d.
in Auburn, N". Y., 11 Feb., 1836. He was graduated
at Princeton in 1797, studied theology, and was
licensed to preach in 1799. After serving as a
missionaiy in Pennsylvania he became pastor of
the Presbyterian church in Bottle Hill, N. J., in
1803, and held this charge until 1811, when he was
called to the Spring street church in New York
city, remaining there until 1820. From 1821 until
his death he was professor of ecclesiastical history
and church polity in Auburn theological seminary,
serving also for two years as professor of theology.
He received the degree of D. D. from Alleghany
college, Pa., in 1818. He was the author of a
" Plan of Salvation " (1816) and an " Abstract of
Biblical Geography " (1835).
PERRINET, Charles Gaston, West Indian
physician, b. in St. Pierre island in 1791 ; d. near
Capesterre, Guadeloupe, in 1849. He received his
education in Paris, and became afterward a ma-
rine surgeon. In 1819 he made, at the hospital of
St. Pierre in Martinique, experiments in yellow
fever that convinced him that the malady was not
contagious, and he recorded his observations in a
book that occasioned controversies in the medi-
cal world, " Observations faites a I'hopital de St.
Pierre pendant une epidemic de fievre jaune " (St.
Pierre, 1821). He was afterward attached to the
medical staff of the penal colony of Cayenne, and
during explorations in the interior of Guiana in-
vestigated the remedies that were used formerly by
Indians. He was retired in 1842 with the rank of
surgeon-major, and settled near Capesterre, in
Guadeloupe, where he continued to practise his
profession. His works include " Traite des remedes
employes par les Indiens de I'Amerique du Sud
pour la guerison des blessures faites avec le fer,
des abces, et des affections syphilitiques "' (Cayenne,
1826) ; " Manuel de medecine pratique a I'usage
des Europeens habitant les pays tropicaux "
(Basse Terre, 1844) ; and " Monographic de la fievre
jaune, ses origines, et des moyens preventifs et
curatifs " (Basse Terre, 1846).
PERROT, Nicolas, French explorer, b. in
France early in the 17th century; d. after 1697.
He received a good education, and, coming to Can-
ada, rendered great services to the government of
that country. He went at an early period to the
Indian country, and learned the Algonquin lan-
guages. On returning to Quebec in 1665 with a
party of Ottawas, he accompanied Daumont de St.
Lusson to the Falls of St. Mary as interpreter. In
1684 he was employed by Lefebvre de la Barre in
bringing the western tribes to his assistance against
the Iroquois, and in 1687 he did the like service for
the Marquis de Denonville. He was several years
Indian agent, and in 1697 was on the point of
being burned by the Miamis, and saved only by
the Outagamis, by whom he was nmch beloved.
Under Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil,
he was interpreter, and addressed to him a memoir
respecting the western country. He discovered
the lead-mines on the Des Moines river, Iowa, had
a fort on Lake Pepin, had travelled over most of
New France, and left an interesting manuscript
account of the manners and customs of the Indians,
from which M. de la Potherie borrowed largely for
his " Histoire de rAnierique." Charlevoix "also
acknowledges indebtedness to him.
PERROT, Pierre, surnamed Pierre Franc,
French buccaneer, b. in Dunkirk in 1082; d. in
Tortuga, in 1681. His father, a banker of Dunkirk,
became one of the associates of the Montreal com-
pany, and one of his brothers went to Canada and
was employed for several years in missionary work
among the Hurons and Iroquois. Pierre received
a good education, but, as he was a younger son, he
went in 1652 to Santo Domingo in quest of fortune,
and joined the buccaneers. In the following year,
with a small sloop and twenty-six men, he cruised
off Cape Vela, waiting for the passage of vessels
bound from jNfaracaibo to the coast of Campeche.
As none came in sight, and as he ran short of pro-
visions, he made sail for Rio Hacha. where a Span-
ish squadron protected the pearl-fisheries. By a
sudden attack he captured the flag-ship, but the
main division of the fleet gave chase, and he was
finally overtaken, and surrendered after a desperate
action. He was transported to Carthagena, and,
worked for two years in stone quarries, in building
the fortifications of the city, but was released in
1655, through the intervention of his father, and
returning to France, published an interesting narra-
tive of his captivity. As he had vowed to revenge
himself, he went again to Tortuga, about 1660, took
part in most of the successful expeditions of the
buccaneers, and amassed wealth. At the time of
his death he held an important place in the colonial
administration of Tortuga. He published " Rela-
tion d'une captivite a Carthagene des Indes," which
is now rare (Amsterdam. 1657).
PERROTET, Giistave Samuel (per-ro-tay), French explorer, b. in Strasburg in 1793; d. in Paris in 1867. He was attached as naturalist to the expedition around the world under command
of Com. Philibert, and sailed from Aix, 1 Jan., 1819, with a collection of grains and fruit-trees, the culture of which he was to introduce in the French possessions. In Cayenne he devoted several months to the exploration of the country, and formed a large collection of plants and minerals of the country, with which he returned to France in 1821. He was employed afterward on missions in Africa, and in 1832 made several voyages to South
America. He published " Catalogue raisonne des plantes introduites dans les colonies Françaises de Bourbon et de Cayenne, et de celles rapportees vivantes des mers d'Asie et de la Guyane au Jardin
du Roi " (Paris, 1825) ; "Souvenirs d'un voyage autour du monde " (1831) ; "fitudes sur I'histoire naturelle de la Guyane Fran^-aise " (1837) ; " Mu- moire sur un insecte et un champignon qui rava-
gent les cafeiers aux Antilles " (1842) ; and " Artde I'indigotier" (Paris, 1842).
PERRY, Amos, author, b. in South Natick, Mass., 12 Aug., 1812. After graduation at Harvard in 1837 he taught in New London, Conn., and Providence, R. I. He visited Europe several times, and from 1862 till 1867 was U. S. consul at Tunis. He has been secretary of the Rhode Island historical society since 1878, and its librarian since 1880, and in 1885 he was superintendent of the state
