Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/232

REDPATH. James, author, b. in Berwick-on- Tweed. Scotland, 24 Aug., 1833 : d. in New York city, 10 Feb., 1891. He emigrated with his parents to Michigan. At the age of eighteen he came to New York, and devoted himself to journalism. At the age of nineteen he became an editor of the New York "Tribune," and soon afterward he formed a resolution to visit the southern states in order to witness for himself the conditions and effects of slavery. He not only visited the plantations of slave-owners as a guest, but went on foot through the southern seaboard states. In the course of his long journey he slept frequently in slave-cabins, and visited the religious gather- ings and merry-makings where the negroes con- sorted. Although at that period it was social out- lawry to speak the truth about slavery, he did not hesitate to do so, and he consequently be- came noted as a fiery Abolitionist. In 1855 he be- came the Kansas correspondent of the St. Louis " Democrat." He took an active part in the events of that time, and in 1859 made two visits to Hayti. During the second one he was appointed by Presi- dent Geffrard commissioner of emigration in the United States. Immediately upon his return home, Mr. Redpath founded the Haytian bureau of emi- gration in Boston and New York, and several thou- sand negroes availed themselves of it. In connec- tion with the Haytian bureau Mr. Redpath estab- lished a weekly newspaper called " Pine and Palm," in which were advocated the emigration movement and the general interests of the African race in this country. He was also appointed Haytian con- sul in Philadelphia and then joint commissioner to the United States, and was largely instrumental in procuring recognition of Haytian independence. He was with the armies of Gen. William T. Sher- man and Gen. George H. Thomas during the civil war, and subsequently with Gen. Quincy A. Gill- more in Charleston. At the latter place he was appointed superintendent of education, organ- ized the school system of South Carolina, and founded the Colored orphan asylum at Charleston. In 1868 he established the Boston lyceum bureau, and subsequently Redpath's lecture bureau. In 1881 he went to Ireland, partly to recruit his health and partly to describe the famine district for the New York " Tribune." On his return in the fol- lowing year he made a tour of the United States and Canada, lecturing on Irish subjects, and in the same year founded a newspaper called " Red- path's Weekly," devoted to the Irish cause. In 1886 he became an editor of the " North American Review." Besides contributions to the newspa- pers, magazines, and reviews, he published " Iland- Book to Kansas " (New York, 1859) ; " The Roving Editor" (1859); "Echoes of Harper's Ferry" (Boston, 1860) ; " Southern Notes " (1860) ; " Guide to Hayti" (1860); "The John Brown Invasion" (1860) ; " Life of John Brown " (1860) ; " John Brown, the Hero" (London, 1862); and -Talks about Ireland " (New York, 1881).

REDWAY, Jacques Wardlaw, geographer, b. near Nashville, Tenn., 5 May, 1849. He was edu- cated at the University of California, and then fol- lowed a special course in mining engineering at the University of Munich. Subsequently he became instructor in chemistry at the University of Cali- fornia, and then was professor of physical geography and geology at the State normal school of Califor- nia. From 1870 till 1875 he was connected with various mines in California and Arizona as engineer or superintendent. Since 1880 he has devoted his attention exclusively to geographical science, and has travelled in North and South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. His works in book-form, for schools, are "Complete Geography" (Philadelphia, 1887); "Manual of Physical Geography" (ISNT): " Elementary Geography " (1888) ; also' " Manual of Geography and Travel " (1888) ; and " Sketches in Physical Geography," in preparation.

REDWOOD,. Abraham, philanthropist, b. in the island of Antigua, W. I., in 1709 ; d. in New- port, R, I.. 6 March, 1788. His father (b. in Bris- tol, England, in 1665) came into possession by mar- riage of a large sugar-plantation in Antigua, known as Cassada Garden, where he resided until 1712, when he removed to the United States. After liv- ing a few years in Salem, Mass., he settled perma- nently in Newport, R. I. His son was educated at Philadelphia, where he remained until he was eighteen years old. He returned soon afterward to Newport, married, and divided his time between his town and country residence. The latter com- prised an estate of 145 acres at Portsmouth, R. I., which is still known as " Redwood Farm," and re- mained in the family until 1882. Here Mr. Red- wood bestowed much care on the cultivation of a

botanical garden of rare foreign and indigenous plants, the only one of its kind in the New Eng- land colonies. He also frequently assisted indus- trious young men in their efforts to gain a liveli- hood. His fondness for literature brought him into contact with a society of Newport gentlemen that had been organized " for the promotion of knowledge and virtue," and he placed at their dis- posal 500 for the purchase in London of standard works on literature, theology, history, and the sci- ences. A charter of incorporation was obtained in 1747, and a suitable edifice was completed for their reception by 1750. The association took the name of the Redwood library company. The found- ing of this institution drew to Newport many men and women of letters, students and artists, and gave to the town a reputation for literary taste and refinement, causing travellers to describe it as "the most learned and inquisitive community in the colonies." During the Revolutionary war the li- brary was roughly handled by British soldiers, who destroyed and carried away a large number of vol- umes. These were ultimately replaced, and the col- lection was restored to its original size. The build- ing is shown in the accompanying engraving. Mr. Redwood also gave 500 to the Society of Friends, of which he was a member, to endow a school in Newport for the education of the children of parents of that denomination, and offered a like sum to found a college in the same town. This was estab- lished afterward in Providence, R. I.

REED, Andrew, benefactor, in London, England, 27 Nov., 17SS; d. there. 2,-| Feb., 1862. lie was apprenticed to a trade, but, as he had a taste for study, was afterward sent to a Dissenting col- lege in London. In 1811 he was ordained pastor of an Independent congregation in that city, which